What are the geological components necessary to have a petroleum resource?
To have a petroleum resource, you need a source rock rich in organic material (such as algae or plankton), a reservoir rock with high porosity and permeability (like sandstone or limestone), and a seal rock above the reservoir to prevent oil and gas from escaping. Additionally, the presence of traps, such as anticlines or faults, is essential for the accumulation of oil and gas.