Bullock.
A young male bull is called a bullock or a steer.
A young male ox is typically called a bullock.
A young steer is called a bullock. It is a young male bovine that has been castrated.
There is no specific name for a male elephant that has been castrated. This practice is widely used in captivity to prevent must which causes extreme aggressive behavior in male elephants.
The male counterpart of a heifer would be a bullock or a young virgin bull.
A bullock is a castrated male cattle that is raised for beef.
A bull is an intact (non-neutered) male bovine, and a steer or bullock is a castrated male bovine.
Mare
Stirk
A young "male cow" (which is non-existent, by the way) is called a bullock or a young bull or, if not of weaning age, a bull calf. That is, if the so-called "male cow" is intact. If not, it is called a steer calf if castrated and is still relying on its mother's milk, or simply a steer after weaning or after it reaches around a year of age.
When a cow gives birth the animal is called a calf, as the calf grows the name changes depending on the sex of the animal. A female is called a hiefer and a male is called a bullock