There were eight principal tribes of Woodland First Nations, all of whom spoke languages belonging to the Algonkian family. The now extinct Beothuk lived in Newfoundland, while the Mi'kmaq occupied Nova Scotia, northeastern New Brunswick, Gaspe in Quebec, and Prince Edward Island. Southwestern New Brunswick and the neighbouring part of Quebec were the home of the Malecite.
The Montagnais and Naskapi lived in what is now Quebec and Labrador. The Montagnais occupied the heavily wooded area along the north shore of the St. Lawrence as far east as Sept-Iles. The tundra-like lands of the Naskapi extended far into northeastern Quebec.
The Ojibway occupied a large territory encompassing all the northern shores of Lake Huron and Lake Superior from Georgian Bay to the edge of the Prairies, and to the height of the land north where the rivers begin to flow towards Hudson Bay. The Algonquin lived in the Ottawa Valley. The Odawa lived mainly on Manitoulin Island in the northern Lake Huron, Georgian Bay area.
Flanking the Ojibway on the north and west, the Cree also occupied an immense area. They lived on the southern perimeter of Hudson Bay, as far north as Churchill. Their territory was bounded on the east by Lake Mistassini and extended all the way west to the Prairie frontier.
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