They can easily smell a whale carcass 20 miles away or seals up to 6' beneath the snow and ice. This will depend on whether the animal is dead, which way the wind is going, if it is under the ice, if the polar bear can smell well, etc.
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Only up to a mile, maybe a little more depending on which way the wind is blowing.
With their keen sense of smell, polar bears can detect prey from as far away as 20 miles, even through snow or ice that is six feet thick. See the related link below.