Both sexes can have manes. However, the female manes I've seen at the San Antonio Zoo are only about 6 to 8 inches long. They look like the mane of a young male lion, and are commonly mistaken for such. Keep in mind that I've never seen or heard of another female lion having a mane except those two.
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Male lions are easily recognized because of their manes. A male lion just happen to grow their mane naturally.
All male lions have the Mane. The mane is nothing but a growth of hair around the neck area of the lion. The hair is similar to the hair we have on our heads. The size and darkness of the Mane signifies how mature and old the Male Lion is. Lions with a larger mane have a greater chance of holding onto a pride and also mating with lionesses. Female lions don't have any Manes. Females don't usually fight with one another so they don't have manes. The mane is very useful for male lions in their fights. During fights, lions usually try to go for the throat of their enemies. If the manes were not there, they could fatally injure one another easily. Though lions get badly or sometimes even fatally injured during fights, the mane prevents most of those fatal injuries.
It's mostly to make the male lion look bigger when opposed by another male lion. If the male lion can look big enough and tough enough, sometimes the other male lion will back down with out a fight, because it is intimidated by the size of the male lion.
Manes are also useful when a lion is in a fight. While fighting, the soft mane help to soften a blow the lion may receive from a blow in the head. Lions are AWESOME creatures!
Lions kill by holding their prey's throat. During a fight male lions will try do this to each other. Their manes protect their throat and neck during a fight.
Male lions are also the only lions that have manes. It distinguishes it from a lioness.
It is the males lions who sport a mane. See the related link below for a photo comparison.
The male lion's mane is more for show, and to make him look larger in a fight to intimidate his rivals..Tigers do have a ruff of fur around the cheeks, more pronounced in the male.