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Social activist protested against school segregation in Chicago in 1966. In the case, Brown v. Board of Education, segregation in schools was found to be unconstitutional. The activist group marched to the mayor's residence where they soon began to act unruly. The protestors did not disperse when the police asked them to. The group soon afterwards was arrested and convicted.
The Supreme Court overturned the conviction of the Social Activist group in a unanimous decision for several reasons. The first was that petitioners were denied due process since there was no evidentiary support for their convictions. Second, the convictions were for demonstrating, not for refusing to obey police orders. Three, the trial judge charge allowed the jury to convict for acts protected by the First Amendment.
It was said that the arresting and charge of the activist group was a Hecklers veto. A hecklers veto occurs when an acting party's right, in this case Gregory v. Chicago, to freedom of speech is restricted by the government.
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