If its been spent, yes.
The US and UK both belong to Interpol, and share criminal records in theory. The degree of sharing is problematic.
No- it is impossible to enter the legal profession if you have any criminal record at all in the UK, even if the conviction is spent. It is also very difficult to enter medicine if you have a criminal conviction, though in the latter case it is not impossible if there were mitigating circumstances at the time the offence took place.
No. However certain offences are classed as 'spent' after a period of time.
Unlike credit records and driving records, criminal records are permanent. If you are committed of a crime, the conviction never "comes off" your record.
"Spent" with regards to criminal records refers to a period of time after which certain convictions are considered legally inactive or rehabilitation has occurred. During this period, the individual may not be required to disclose the conviction in certain circumstances, such as job applications.
UK Records was created in 1972.
On the website of the Home Office UK you can find information about renewing passports, criminal records, statistics and research. The Home Office is a ministerial department.
Argo Records - UK - ended in 1998.
Argo Records - UK - was created in 1951.
Fresh Records - UK - was created in 1979.
Fresh Records - UK - ended in 1982.