They COULD, but they'd have to go through US State Department channels to do it.
if you have serious charges against you, they could very well could extradite you so you can face them and be tried.
LEGALLY speaking, they can extradite you. As a PRACTICAL matter, will they... for a misdemeanor... fairly unlikely.
Extradition from WHERE? If the offense was serious enough and the feds wanted you badly enough, they could, if they wanted, extradite you from any country with which the US has an extradition treaty.
yes
All US states and territories honor each other's requests for extradition. Most states will usually extradite for felony offenses. If they wish, Kansas can extradite you from anywhere in the US, there is no such thing as a "sanctuary" state.
No
yes there was a treaty signed in 2000.
Dubai will not extradite.
Yes. Israel has an extradition treaty with the US and has had it since 1963. As for whether Israel will extradite any particular Israeli citizen depends on the arguments made by the US government (as is typical of other extradition treaties).
The price it costs to extradite a person will vary depending on the distance between the two jails. The extradition process could run into the thousands.
All US states and territories honor each other's requests for extradition. Most states WILL extradite for felony offenses.