I quote from the Constitution:"The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it."The Patriot Act, however, passed in 2001 provides for mandatory detention of terrorist suspects.
invasion
The US Constitution states that the writ of habea corpus may be suspended by Congress only in times of war, invasion, or national emergency. Congress has suspended the writ in the case of prisoners held at Guantanamo as alleged terrorists or illegal combatants. This action is controversial because the US has not been invaded, is not engaged in a declared war, and is not in a state of national emergency.
The branch that may suspend the writ of habeas corpus is the executive. However, there are several instances where legislative may take up this role.
Article 1 Section 9Word for word int he Constitution. "Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it."
It is explicitly stated in the U.S. Constitution under Article I, Section 9.
No. The Constitution forbids Bills of Attainder, where the Congress declares a person to be guilty of a crime by passing legislation to that effect. The Constitution preserves the Writ of Habeas Corpus except under very limited and specific circumstances.
Habeas Corpus is a court order, stating that a person under arrest is required to be brought in front of a judge or into court. It prohibits holding a prisoner if there is lack of sufficient cause or evidence.
On September 24, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus, an official court order demanding a prisoner be brought before the court in order to determine whether his (or her) incarceration is constitutionally valid. The writ of habeas corpus is considered a fundamental safeguard of liberty. Lincoln's suspension applied only to persons held as war captives or enlistment resisters during the US Civil War. The right of habeas corpus in civil court was superseded by trial before a military tribunal, similar to the treatment given Guantanamo detainees during the George W. Bush administration. Lincoln's order read (excerpt): "That the writ of habeas corpus is suspended in respect to all persons arrested, or who are now, or hereafter during the rebellion shall be, imprisoned in any fort, camp, arsenal, military prisons, or other place of confinement, by any military authority, or by the sentence of any court-martial or military commission." Historically, suspension of habeas corpus has been used in narrowly defined territories or with specific groups of people identified as threats, and has not been withheld from the population as a whole.
President Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus(under which judges can require arresting officers to produce their prisoners and justify their arrest), then rounded up up pro-Confederate leaders and threw them in jail in order to keep Maryland in the Union.
Habeas crpus ad subjiciendum - which is a writ that compels a person who is detaining another to produce the body of the prisoner. The writ is used to test the legality of the detention of the prisoner. It is typically shortened to "habeas corpus."
"Habeas corpus" is Latin, and means "may you have your body". It's the right of a person, under arrest, to be brought before a judge or court. This right protects individuals under arrest against arbitrary state action. The right itself originated in England.