DNA testing can be done before or after a birth certificate is signed if there is any question about who the father of a child is or if visitation rights are being contested.
Two come to mind: the right to petition for visitation; and the right to ask the court to determine his child support obligation.
A child's biological father can have his name added to a child's birth certificate regardless of whether or not the mother agrees to it. If the biological father voluntarily relinquishes his parental rights and the child is legally adopted by another man, his name can be added to the birth certificate in place of the biological father.
If he can prove that he is the biological father of the child, he can seek custody or visitation rights, regardless of whether or not he is on the birth certificate or paying child support. In fact, if he is the biological father he can legally have his name added to the birth certificate. However, if he has not been around for 16 years, it is unlikely that a judge will grant anything more than visitation rights, and the child is old enough to have a say in whether or not they want visits from their father.
The child's last name isn't relevant. However, once you signed the birth certificate, you became the child's father until/unless a court rules otherwise and, yes, you could get visitation.
You don't say which of the parents that are incarcerated but their rights to the child comes first. If the father is not in the birth certificate and he has not established paternity to the court so he can petition for visitation or custody and also pay child support, there is nothing that legally says he is the father. Then the maternal grandmother would have a better chance. If the father is not in the birth certificate but he has established paternity to the court so he can petition for visitation or custody and also pay child support, the chance should be equal.
In a situation such as this, the custodial parent should oppose visitation or, if that fails, ask for supervised visitation.
The birth certificate is not something that gives him parental rights, he have to go to court for that and prove it by DNA test. A birth certificate does not require DNA so it does not hold up in court. So yes, if he has gone to court he has rights.
Once paternity is established, the non-custodial parent has the right to request visitation, just as the custodial parent has the right to request support.
Yes, but he will have to file a petition for visitation. He may also have to go through paternity testing to verify.
the right to petition the courts for a determination of paternity and, following such a determination, the right to pay child support and have contact (visitation) with the child
He has the right to petition the courts for a determination of paternity and, if he is the father, the right to pay child support and petition for visitation.