In the early days of the Roman Republic the patricians (the aristocracy) monopolised political power by monopolising the seats of the senate, the consulship (the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic) and the priesthoods. As a result of the 200-year conflict of the Orders between patricians and plebeians (the commoners), the rich plebeians obtained power-sharing and gained access to the consulship and the senate. They also gained access to the offices of state which were created as the Republic developed (the censorship and the praetorship) and to some of the priesthoods.
The grievances of the poor plebeians were different from those of the rich ones. They were economic. They were (originally) the abuse of defaulting debtors by (rich) creditors, indebtedness and the interest rates of loans; and the shortage of land for peasant farmers. Traditionally, farmers were given plots of land which were just about enough for feeding their families. The rest of the land was public land which could be utilised for common use. However, the rich landlords expanded their estates at the expense of the public land. Therefore, the amount of land available to poor farmers became insufficient and there were demands for redistributing land to the poor.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were dissatisfied with the early republic because they had few rights and no political power. Yet they were expected to join the army and fight for Rome, which seemed to them as if they were fighting to preserve the wealth of the patricians.
The plebeians were the commoners, that is all those who were not aristocrats. They included both rich and poor people. The reasons for discontent among rich and poor plebeians were different. For the rich ones it was their political exclusion by the patrician aristocracy. For the poor ones it was economic grievances.
At the beginning of the Republic the patricians monopolised political power and the offices of state. The rich plebeians were unhappy with this. This does not mean that they lacked rights. They enjoyed all the rights conferred by Roman citizenship including the right to vote. They did not lack opportunities for economic advancement either, as they their being rich shows. It was a question of access to the offices of state and political power- sharing with the patricians.
These were the concerns those of the rich plebeians. The concerns of the poor plebeians were different. The plebeian movement started as a rebellion by the poor when the patrician-controlled state refused to provide debt defaulters legal protection from abuse by creditors who could imprison them, torture them and sell them as slaves. The grievances of the poor were economic, particularly debt bondage (rich people could secure the labour of the poor by tying them to themselves through locking them into perpetual indebtedness) and lack of land for poor peasants whose plots were hardly enough to make a living.
The rich plebeian became the leaders of the movement and used the discontent of the poor to press of power-sharing which they obtained, still during the early republic, and then they turned their backs on the poor.
In the early days of the Roman Republic the patricians (the aristocracy) monopolised political power by monopolising the seats of the senate, the consulship (the office of the two annually elected heads of the Republic) and the priesthoods. As a result of the 200-year conflict of the Orders between patricians and plebeians (the commoners), the rich plebeians obtained power-sharing and gained access to the consulship and the senate. They also gained access to the offices of state which were created as the Republic developed (the censorship and the praetorship) and to some of the priesthoods.
The grievances of the poor plebeians were different from those of the rich ones. They were economic. They were (originally) the abuse of defaulting debtors by (rich) creditors, indebtedness and the interest rates of loans; and the shortage of land for peasant farmers. Traditionally, farmers were given plots of land which were just about enough for feeding their families. The rest of the land was public land which could be utilised for common use. However, the rich landlords expanded their estates at the expense of the public land. Therefore, the amount of land available to poor farmers became insufficient and there were demands for redistributing land to the poor.
After the kings were booted out, the upper-class Particians assumed power by forming the Senate to replace the king, creating an oligarchy (= rule of the few). The Plebs didn't want to exchange one lot of autocratic rulers for another, and put pressure on the patricians to share power, gaining one of the two annual Consul positions. As the retiring consuls entered the Senate, this annual inflow gave the plebs an increasing share in the Senate. But to get this, they walked away from the city, leaving it to the Patricians, who had to cave in as the army was manned by the Plebs, and Rome was defenceless in an area of hostile neighbours.
The date given for the start of the Roman republic is 509 BC.
Assemblies do not have written codes of laws. Laws are matters for magistrates and courts, not assemblies. Codes of law are things such as civil law, criminal law, and constitutional law. What assemblies have are procedures regarding debating, voting and other business they might carry out. Also note that Rome had three assemblies: the assembly of the soldiers, the assembly of the tribes, and the plebeian councils.
A republic, Romans thought, would keep any individual from gaining too much power!
During the republic the government was headed by the consuls. They also commanded the army, but other officials, called praetors, could also raise and command an army. Governors of provinces also had this right.
basically, they gathered troops to take back holy land from Muslims. The first set of troops sent out, killed eachother. The second set of troops set out, got to Jerusalem and took it back from the Muslims. These warriors were known as crusaders.
The Roman Republic was established in 509 BC with the overthrow of the last king in a rebellion because he was a tyrant. It was set up so as to prevent one man from concentrating power in his hands to avoid the return of tyranny. This was done by replacing the king with two annually elected consuls as heads of the city and the army. Having two men in charge meant that they could counterbalance each other The short term of office prevented accumulation of power by either of these two men. Apart from the creation of the consuls, at the beginning the Republic retained the institutions of the Monarchy. The senate remained as an advisory body, this time for the consuls, and the two popular assemblies established by the 6th king of Rome, Servius Tullius, as the city's voting bodies were retained: the assembly of the soldiers (comitia centuriata) and the assembly of the tribes (comitia tributa). Over time four officers of state were created in addition to the consuls: the praetors, the censors, the aediles and the quatestors. The first rebellion of the plebeians (commoners), the First Plebeian Secession in 495, led to the creation of the leaders of the plebeian movement, the plebeian tribune (tribuni plebis) who represented the interests of the plebeians, their assistants (the plebeian aediles, aediles plebis) and a plebeian assembly which was called the plebeian council (concilium plebis).
when it was first set up Berlin was too dangerous to set up government in, so they set up in the fairly small town of Weimer- hence the name
Nearly all of Europe was unhappy with their neighbors, but the Serbian attackers who killed Archduke Ferdinand and his wife Sofia set the war in motion.
1492 The Dominican Republic was the first land in the western hemisphere which Columbus set foot on.
Yes, the Dominican Republic observes daylight saving time. Clocks are typically set forward one hour on the first Sunday in April and set back one hour on the last Sunday in October.
A democratic republic is set up in many ways ....
German Federal Republic
The government was the Weimar Republic set up in 1918 after the fall of the German Empire in World War I
The date given for the start of the Roman republic is 509 BC.
They are not comparable. They are centuries apart and the societies are totally different. Rome was ruled by two annually elected consuls who at the beginning of the republic were quite like kings and whose power was undefined and therefore unlimited. The consuls acted as executives, legislators, judges and military commanders. The senate was not an elected body. The assembly of the people and the assembly of the soldiers did not elect representatives. Citizens voted on legislation themselves in these assemblies. The assemblies also elected the consuls and acted as courts of appeal during most of the republican period. At the beginning the patrician aristocracy had virtual monopoly over politics and the offices of state. Over time, the leaders of the plebeian movement were given access to the offices of state and were co-opted into a patrician-plebeian oligarchy. The plebeian mass had its own plebeian council separate from the mentioned assemblies. This was because it was set up as a break-away body during a plebeian rebellion against the state. It was integrated by allowing the votes of this council (plebiscites) to become laws binding on all citizens, including the patricians. The leasers of this council, the plebeian tribunes, became the main legislators. Officers of state were elected and got on with their jobs within their remit without supervision by a central body like a cabinet or a president.
Federal system
509 B.c