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First is Alexander the great. When he made his rapid conquest of Egypt and Persia about 325 BC, creating the largest Western empire to ever have existed, he brought Greek culture with him to all of these lands. He also founded cities based on Greek cities (such as Alexandria, Egypt), in order to further spread Greek (Hellenistic) culture.

Afterwards, when the Roman Empire conquered Greece in 144 BC, they brought Hellenistic culture back to Rome and spread it throughout the empire, effectively Hellenizing nearly all of the civilized Western world.

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Q: Who is most responsible for Hellenization?
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