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Because farming meant that people stayed in the same place year-round, growing, tending to, and harvesting their crops. Before farming, people were nomadic -- they traveled around in tribes, never staying in the same place very long. But once people began farming, fixed, permanent communities began to develop.
Cradle of civilization means the place where civilization began to flourish. Civilization was able to thrive because it had what it needed.
Nomadic people contributed to slowing down the development of civilizations by not settling in one place and therefore not engaging in long-term agricultural practices or the development of complex infrastructure. Their reliance on hunting and gathering limited their ability to create permanent settlements and accumulate surplus resources. This prevented the formation of large, centralized societies and hindered the progress of civilization.
The Fairs were a place where people could go to buy goods from all around the world. The fairs would bring people together and the social lives of people began to change as well. Cities became trading centers because of the fairs, and much wealth came about from different cities over the world.
Things varied with time an place, but in England, the general usage was that if a village got to the point that it had a person who was a permanent officer, such as a mayor, then it was no longer a village, but a town. That being the case, English villages did not have mayors.