First you would have to travel west and then go south from Texas.
Baton Rouge
The annexation of Texas plus the border conflict called the Thornton Affair.
The Annexation of Texas. Texas border conflicts. Mexico was virtually bankrupt. Mexico would not negotiate the sale of Alta California and Nuevo Mexico.
The french came to Texas in the 1600s to the 1800s because they were fighting Spain. They knew that if the spanish received the land, they would increase their empire across Texas.
That would depend on where you are in Texas and where you're going in Louisiana because they share a border.
Five states border the Gulf of Mexico. From west to east, they are Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida.Mexico has states, too, five of which border the Gulf of Mexico:6) Tamaulipas7) Veracruz8) Tabasco9) Campeche10) YucatanWell, without looking at a map, I would say: Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas.Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Florida
Mexico has a long border and a lot of cities near the border, but it would take about 19-20 hours to get from Jefferson City, Missouri, to Juarez, Mexico, which is right on the border of Texas and Mexico.
texas
That would be Calexico, a small town about three miles from the Mexican border.
Starting with Washington, Oregon, California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. If you stop at the Mexican border then you end with Texas.
The gulf off the Southeast Coast of the United States would be the Gulf of Mexico. The states of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida border this gulf.
Texas has the largest share of the US border with Mexico; 2,019 Kilometers (1,254 miles) out of the 3,141 Kilometers (1,952 miles) that conform the US-Mexico border is defined by the course of the Rio Grande River (Rio Bravo del Norte, as it is known in Mexico) which runs from Ciudad Juarez-El Paso into the Gulf of Mexico, close to the cities of Matamoros-Brownsville.
The eastern border of Texas is shared with Arkansas whose capital is in Little Rock an with Louisiana whose capital is in Baton Rouge.
In the US, that would be Louisiana. In Mexico that would be Tamaulipas.
There are many cities along the US-Mexico border that would qualify as "closest to Mexico". Those would be Brownsville, Laredo o El Paso in Texas or San Ysidro in California.
It would take approximately 5 hours to drive from Galveston, Texas to Baton Rouge, Louisiana. There is 292 miles between the two locations.