That was the Temperance movement, popular around the last turn of the century.
Marcus Garvey (1887-1940) was born in Jamaica and travelled widely examining the status of blacks in Europe and America. He decided that they could only achieve parity with whites by uniting under their African heritage. He was a major leader in the Pan-African Movement, and also supported the continued colonization of Liberia in Africa. His movement of "African Redemption" became known as Garveyism, and was one basis for the Rastafari religious movement, where he is revered as a prophet. hope it helped :)
boston
Mary Wollstonecraft is considered to be one.
1920's
Garveyism is an aspect of Black Nationalism which takes its source from the works, words and deeds of UNIA-ACL founder Marcus Garvey. The fundamental focus of Garveyism is the complete, total and never ending redemption of the continent of Africa by people of African ancestry, at home and abroad.
Popular Movement was created in 1957.
Popular Socialist Movement was created in 1974.
Movement of Popular Participation was created in 1989.
African Popular Movement was created in 1955.
Popular Independent Movement ended in 1968.
Popular Christian Movement was created in 1966.
Popular Socialist Movement ended in 1982.
Popular Republican Movement was created in 1944.
Popular Republican Movement ended in 1967.
Popular Movement of the Revolution ended in 1997.
Popular Movement of the Revolution was created in 1967.