In The Bible (in a couple of places, including Deuteronomy chapters 6 and 11) G-d tells Moses that Jews should place tefillin on their arms and heads.
It is a traditional Jewish teaching that, like all other "how to's" from the Bible, G-d explained exactly what they were and how to make them to Moses on Mount Sinai when he was up there for 40 days (twice), just as He explained how to slaughter an animal properly (at one point, he says "slaughter the animal the way I taught you," while nowhere in the Bible does it say how), etc.
Tefillin or phylacteries
I have no idea :D
It was an idea brought back by knights. They fought in crusades in the Holy Land(around Jerusalem)
thunder clouds
I am not sure but maybe Markus Persson just had an idea to create a game of blocks maybe it was his dream and he made it come true
Tefillin is not worn on the Sabbath and Jewish holidays.
Yes - the tefillin will have a certificate of authenticity.
Tefillin contain scrolls that have sections of Torah written on them.
No. Tefillin are not worn on holidays, including Shavuot, or on the Sabbath.
Images of the Tefillin can be found on the Chabad website. There one can see a history of the Tefillin, video clips, and a picture tutorial on the proper way to wear it.
Robert Alan Hammer has written: 'Tefillin' -- subject(s): Tefillin
They are called Tefillin (phylacteries). The one on the head is Tefillin Shel Rosh, and the one on the arm is Tefillin Shel Yad.
On Orthodox Jewish men
The Tefilin is mentioned in Shema as it says: Ukishartem Li'os al yudecha Vi'hayu li'totafos bein ainecha. (Deuteronomy 6:8). And you shall bind them as a sign on your arm and let there be Tefillin between your eyes.This is how Tefillin is related to the shema.
On your left biceps and the center of your forehead.
Yes.
Tephillin / tefillin are black leather boxes containing hand-written passages from the bible written on parchment. They are worn strapped to the arm and head by Jews while saying the morning weekday prayers.For more information see: tefillin" class='external' title="tefillin