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∙ 12y agoMichael Podchlebnik and Szymon Srebrnik were the two survivors from Chelmno.
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∙ 12y agoThe first extermination camp was at Chelmno. It began large-scale routine (as opposed to experimental) gassings on 8 December 1941, using sealed vans with the carbon monoxide exhaust diverted into the vans. The total death toll at Chelmno is estimated at about 152,000-153,000 and there are only two (!) known survivors.____Concentration camps, originally established for political prrisoners, had been established already in March 1933. Dachau, near Munich, was the first concentration camp. It had a high death toll but it was not an extermination camp.
Belzec extermination camp was created in 1942.
Treblinka extermination camp was created in 1942.
Sobibor extermination camp was created in 1943.
Chełmno extermination camp ended in 1943.
Chelmno was an extermination camp. There are only two known survivors.
The first extermination camp was at Chelmno. It began large-scale routine (as opposed to experimental) gassings on 8 December 1941, using sealed vans with the carbon monoxide exhaust diverted into the vans. The total death toll at Chelmno is estimated at about 152,000-153,000 and there are only two (!) known survivors.____Concentration camps, originally established for political prrisoners, had been established already in March 1933. Dachau, near Munich, was the first concentration camp. It had a high death toll but it was not an extermination camp.
Treblinka extermination camp
Belzec extermination camp ended in 1942.
Treblinka extermination camp ended in 1943.
Chełmno extermination camp was created in 1941.
Belzec extermination camp was created in 1942.
Treblinka extermination camp was created in 1942.
Sobibor extermination camp was created in 1943.
Chełmno extermination camp ended in 1943.
Auschwitz I was the original Auschwitz camp, set up in May 1940, mainly for Polish political prisoners and the Polish elites. It also housed the main administrative offices for the whole complex of camps as well as the blocks where medical experiments were carried out, and execution chambers.
The most notorious of all was Auschwitz. It was both an extermination camp and a vast complex of concentration camps. By comparison with camps that were only extermination camps (such as Treblinka) it had more survivors. Some of them appeared as witnesses in trials after the war and some wrote their memoirs. On the hand camps with almost no survivors, like Chelmno, are much less well known. Please see the related question for more detail.