Britain and France were the main powers of the Middle East Mandate System, with the territories coming from areas formerly under Ottoman Control (prior to World War I).
Syria
The Middle East has no corollary to the East Asian idea of "Mandate of Heaven". There are governments in the Middle East that are ruled according to religious precepts by clerics and are therefore called Theocracies, but theocracy is not unique to the Middle East. Much of Medieval Europe and Africa was theocratic.
Arabs and Jews are in conflict over the territory of the former British Mandate of Palestine in the Middle East.
The system of writing used in the Ancient Middle East was cuneiform. It was mainly used in Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit.
That isn't a question.
Lebanon and Syria have resulted from the French Mandate in the Middle East.
France and Great Britain took control of much of the Middle East.
Territory was occupied by Britain and France
It was divided between Britain and France through the mandate system.
Syria
France and Great Britain took control of much of the Middle East.
The Mandate system had the benevolent intention of preparing the "natives" of various regions for self government. In practice, the granting of mandates often represented nothing more than the granting of spoils to the different victorious allied governments.
Borders were drawn without regard for local populations
UK and France.
The Middle East has no corollary to the East Asian idea of "Mandate of Heaven". There are governments in the Middle East that are ruled according to religious precepts by clerics and are therefore called Theocracies, but theocracy is not unique to the Middle East. Much of Medieval Europe and Africa was theocratic.
The Byzantine Empire and Sassanian Persia were the two great powers in the Middle East in the 400s-634 C.E., before the Rise of Islam.
United Kingdom and France.