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During the Attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese B5N "Kate" high-level bombers were armed with armor-piercing 1,763 pound (800 kg) bombs. These weapons were adapted from battleship projectiles, and were most notable for their role in the destruction of the USS Arizona.

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What bomb took the USS Arizona down?

One innovation the Japanese instituted for the Pearl Harbor attack was the use of torpedo bombers as "high level" bombers. These were armed with 16 inch, armor piercing battleship shells, fitted with fins and dropped as bombs. Tests showed that from several thousand feet these would smash though the thick steel of a battleship's armored deck, just as though they had been fired from a battleship's gun. Armor piercing shells have a delayed fuse of about a third of a second, to allow the shell to penetrate deep into a ship's vitals before exploding. The lighter dive bombers could not haul the one ton "bombs" made from battleship main gun ammunition into the air. Torpedo bombers were the largest, most powerful carrier aircraft - they had to be to get aloft with a one-ton torpedo or "bomb" hanging from its belly. Torpedo bombers had a three man crew. The "high level" bombers practiced exhaustively under the leadership of two eagle-eyed bombardiers. One of these was credited with the deadly hit on the Arizona. He did not live to get home. While the Japanese Task Force was homeward bound from Hawaii part of it was diverted for a strike on a US island, Johnson Island, and he fell in a raid there. Like all battleships the Arizona's ammunition was housed in an armored structure called a barbette. This was actually a five story structure, with the gun turret at the top level on the weather deck. The turret sat atop the barbette, which was round and had walls of foot thick steel. The battleship's shells, and tons of propellant which exploded to hurl the shells on their way, were stored in the lower levels. Just outside the barbette of number two turret was the ship's black powder magazine. This held charges used to propel the ship's observation plane down its catapult. A bomb from one of the high level Japanese bombers penetrated deep into the Arizona and exploded the black powder magazine. This explosion flashed over through the handling scuttle in the wall of the barbette into the ship's own propellant, detonating tons of nitro-cellulose and destroying the front half of the ship.


How many bombers and fighters did the Germans use in the battle of Britain?

On August 10 1940 the Germans had 875 high level bombers (Heinkel 111, Dornier 17 & Junkers Ju 88s) 316 dive bombers (Ju87 Stuka) & 929 fighters, mostly Messerschmitt Bf109s, of which 227 were Me 110s. The Stukas were soon withdrawn, because they were too slow against RAF fighters, to be used in the invasion, which as time would tell be in the East rather than against Britain.


Where can you find information about aviation and airplanes in World War 2?

Airplanes fell into a number of catagories based on their function. Fighters Aircraft that were tasked with destroying the enemies aircraft. Later in the war the widespread addition of bombracks expanded their roles and they became fighter-bombers. Examples P51, P47, Me109, Spitfire... Dive Bombers Very popular before the war they were supposed to provide precision tactical bombing. Later replaced by multi-role aircraft.Examples JU87 and U.S. SBD. Tactical Bombers Early in war their were dedicated light bombers. Later most fighter aircraft were set up to do the job. Although the Germans and Russians both developed highly specialised variants of their dive and level bombers that worked in a tank busting role. Medium Bombers Usually two engined bombers that provided heavy tactical support to front line armies. Examples B25, B26, HE111. Heavy Bombers Usually 4 engine bombers whose main mission was to obliterate the enemies infrastructure. Examples Lancaster, B17, B24, B29. Transport Military cargo and civilian transport planes fell into this category. Recon Small single engine spotter planes and two engined high speed Mosquitoes and P-38's were seme of the planes that fulfilled this mission. Early in the war planes were differentiated by narrow roles, torpedo bombers, dive bombers, level bombers etc... Later in the war multi-role aircraft were developed. The Avenger was an aircraft developed for the US Navy that eventually took over the roles of dive, level and torpedo bombing.


How many Japanese soilders were involved in the Pearl Harbor attack?

None. Soldiers are part of the army. The Pearl Harbor attack was planned and carried out by the navy, whose members are sailors. The Japanese Army and Navy were each pursuing separate goals. The army was preoccupied with its war in China. There were six Japanese aircraft carriers and two battleships in the attack task force, as well as several cruisers, a larger number of destroyers, and submarines. I'd guess the total number of personnel on all these ships to be somewhere around 20,000. There were 353 airplanes involved in the attack. Some were single seat fighters, the dive bombers had a two man crew, and the torpedo bombers and the high altitude bombers had three. Probably around 6-700 airmen actually flew over Hawaii that morning.


Who ordered the Japanese to invade Guam?

The Japanese High Command.

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What bomb took the USS Arizona down?

One innovation the Japanese instituted for the Pearl Harbor attack was the use of torpedo bombers as "high level" bombers. These were armed with 16 inch, armor piercing battleship shells, fitted with fins and dropped as bombs. Tests showed that from several thousand feet these would smash though the thick steel of a battleship's armored deck, just as though they had been fired from a battleship's gun. Armor piercing shells have a delayed fuse of about a third of a second, to allow the shell to penetrate deep into a ship's vitals before exploding. The lighter dive bombers could not haul the one ton "bombs" made from battleship main gun ammunition into the air. Torpedo bombers were the largest, most powerful carrier aircraft - they had to be to get aloft with a one-ton torpedo or "bomb" hanging from its belly. Torpedo bombers had a three man crew. The "high level" bombers practiced exhaustively under the leadership of two eagle-eyed bombardiers. One of these was credited with the deadly hit on the Arizona. He did not live to get home. While the Japanese Task Force was homeward bound from Hawaii part of it was diverted for a strike on a US island, Johnson Island, and he fell in a raid there. Like all battleships the Arizona's ammunition was housed in an armored structure called a barbette. This was actually a five story structure, with the gun turret at the top level on the weather deck. The turret sat atop the barbette, which was round and had walls of foot thick steel. The battleship's shells, and tons of propellant which exploded to hurl the shells on their way, were stored in the lower levels. Just outside the barbette of number two turret was the ship's black powder magazine. This held charges used to propel the ship's observation plane down its catapult. A bomb from one of the high level Japanese bombers penetrated deep into the Arizona and exploded the black powder magazine. This explosion flashed over through the handling scuttle in the wall of the barbette into the ship's own propellant, detonating tons of nitro-cellulose and destroying the front half of the ship.


What are the advantages and disadvantages of writing operating system in high level language such as c?

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Who saw the Battle of Midway from the ocean?

US Navy Ensign George H. Gay, Jr. was a torpedo bomber pilot in the attack force sent against the Japanese fleet. The torpedo bombers had to come in low over the water, "low and slow", to drop their torpedoes into the water. The torpedo bomber attack was supposed to be simultaneous with the dive bomber attack. The dive bombers came screaming down from high altitude in practically vertical dives to drop their bombs. But the torpedo bombers were a little early or the dive bombers were a little late, and the torpedo bombers went in alone. Every single one was shot down, without scoring a single hit. All fifteen planes in Gay's squadron were lost, and of the forty-five men in their crews, only Ensign Gay lived. So Gay was floating in the middle of the Japanese fleet when the dive bombers arrived. All the Japanese fighter planes defending the Japanese fleet had come down to the deck to shoot up the torpedo bombers, so the dive bombers were not bothered as they unleashed their attack, fatally damaging three out of the four Japanese aircraft carriers in about ten minutes. Another couple of days passed before Ensign Gay was spotted by the crew of a Navy flying boat and rescued. It was a real miracle he was found. He lived until 1994. You might think he got a lot of grief over his name, but at that time "gay" still meant "happy". It did not become a synonym for homosexual until the 1960s.


How did the US destroy the Japanese in the Battle of Midway?

Three of the four Japanese aircraft carriers sunk at Midway were lost in a matter of minutes, in a single attack by American dive bombers. Ordinarily dive bombers could not cause very serious damage to capital naval ships, because they carried only a single, 500 lb. bomb. These bombs were generally not heavy enough to cripple a ship, even though they would do damage if they hit. The really destructive bombers were the torpedo bombers, which carried a single torpedo slung beneath the aircraft, just like the ones fired from submarines or destroyers. But the US torpedo bombers were slow and unmaneuverable. The plan was for the dive bombers and torpedo bombers to attack at the same time. The torpedo bombers flew in low, just over the water to drop their torpedoes. The torpedo bombers took off first, because they were so much slower. They still reached the Japanese fleet first and began their attack. Every single one was shot down, without scoring any hits at all. There was a single survivor, who floated in his life jacket and saw what happened next (and was rescued days later by a flying boat, truly a very lucky man). The one thing the torpedo bomber attack did accomplish was to draw all the Japanese Combat Air Patrol fighter planes from overhead the Japanese fleet down to the deck to chase the torpedo bombers. So when the dive bombers arrived overhead in the next few minutes there were no Japanese fighters at high altitude to intercept them.The Japanese carriers were at their most vulnerable. Their airplanes had attacked Midway Island earlier and were being rearmed and refueled. At first they were being rearmed with bombs to drop on Midway, then when that was about done reports of sightings of the American fleet came in, and a hurried rearming with anti-ship weapons, torpedoes, was ordered. There were bombs, torpedoes and fuel lines all over the decks of the Japanese ships, and they were full of highly inflammable gas fumes from the high-octane aviation gas. (The USS Yorktown was lost when caught in a similar condition at another time). The bombers nosed over and dived, dropping their bombs into the midst of this highly inflammable and explosive target, and three carriers were soon racked with secondary explosions coming one after another and wreathed in flames. The only reason the fourth escaped was it was temporarily hidden beneath the clouds of a rain squall that kept it from being spotted.In those few minutes the entire tide of the Pacific War shifted to running for the Americans, and the war was as good as lost to the Japanese, though they required three more years of convincing.


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