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monarchies
They were weak.
Pergamum
Western European kingdoms increasingly fought wars over religious differences.
Axum -- It was located in Ethiopia, which is in eastern Africa.
A government like Swaziland, which is ruled by an individual monarch.
Both societies were unified by shared religious traditions.
monarchies
In spite of the outnumber of muslim army, was defeated by the union of christians kingdoms. This battler marked the beginning of spain and the final of Muslim caliphate. Also known as: The battle of five armies or the charge of three kings. Christians kingdoms: Castille, Aragon,Navarre, Portugal: Garrison of 70.000 men. Muslim Caliphate: 150.000 men.
They were weak.
The European Robin The Swan
how did centralized monarchies develop in Europe
it was the first town of a new colony.
I don't know man, don't ask me -_-
Western European kingdoms increasingly fought wars over religious differences.
because the five kingdoms have been split up in to 5 very vague categories, and are able to explain all of the following five kingdoms,
The Spanish March was the "buffer" region, created by Charlemagne, between Islamic and Christian kingdoms. It separated Muslim Spain, from the Christian, European kingdoms.