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History of shangri-la hotel?
Statistics:Public CompanyIncorporated: 1971Employees: 16,300Sales: $726.0 million (2004)Stock Exchanges: Hong Kong SingaporeNAIC: 721110 Hotels (Except Casino Hotels) and MotelsCompany Perspectives:The name Shangri-La was inspired by James Hilton's legendary novel Lost Horizon. A tranquil haven in the mountains of Tibet, Shangri-La casts a spell on all who resided there. Today, Shangri-La stands as a synonym for paradise. And even though mythical in origin, the name perfectly encapsulates the genuine serenity and service for which Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts have come to be recognized.Key Dates:1971: Robert Kuok extends interests into property and hotel development, building his first hotel in Singapore.1981: Kuok establishes a second hotel in Kowloon, launching the Shangri-La brand, and entering direct hotel management.1982: The company incorporates as Shangri-La Hotels & Resorts.1984: The company opens its first Shangri-La hotel in Hangzhou, China.1989: The mid-range Traders Hotel brand is launched, with the first site in Beijing.1995: The company establishes publicly listed Shangri-La Asia, which acquires the Kuok-owned hotel properties, and then goes public on the Singapore and Hong Kong Stock Exchanges.1996: Shangri-La Asia buys 15 hotel sites under development in China from the Kuok-owned companies.1997: Shangri-La Asia acquires Shangri-La Hotels & Resorts, creating an integrated hotel ownership and management group.2005: Shangri-La Asia announces plans to add 15 new hotels in China, five hotels in Europe, and hotels in North America, in order to reach a total of 100 hotels by 2010.Company History:Shangri-La Asia Ltd. is the Asian region's leading and fastest-growing luxury hotel group. The company, part of Malaysia's Kuok Group, operates 45 hotels throughout Asia. In 2005, the company also began a drive into the European and North American markets, including the launch of construction on its first European hotel, in London, expected to be completed in 2009. The company also has opened its first hotel in the Middle East, in Dubai, and in the Maldives. Mainland China, however, forms the heart of the company's empire, with more than 20 hotels in operation, and at least 15 more expected to open before 2010. Shangri-La is unusual among international hotel companies in that it owns a significant proportion of its hotels; of the hotels under the group's management not wholly owned by the company, most are owned by other companies in the Kuok Group, and especially by Shangri-La's own major shareholder, Kerry Properties Ltd. Shangri-La hotels primarily operate under the luxury, five-star Shangri-La brand. The company also operates a smaller number of mid-range, business-oriented Traders hotels. Listed on the Hong Kong and Singapore Stock Exchanges, Shangri-La remains a tiny part of the Kuok business empire. Nonetheless, founder Robert Kuok holds an active interest in the group, and has stated his desire to see Shangri-La reach 100 hotels in his lifetime. In 2004, the company posted revenues of $726 million.Kuok Family Origins in the 1970sThe Kuok family immigrated to Malaysia, then under British control, from the Fujian province in China in the first decade of the 20th century. Under patriarch Kuok Keng Kang the family entered the trading business, dealing in rice, flour, and sugar. Kuok, like many successful Chinese emigrés, sent his children overseas to study. Son Robert, born in 1927, went to the Raffles school in Singapore, where he became good friends with Tun Abdul Razak and Tun Hussein Onn, both of whom later became Malaysian prime ministers, and Lee Kuan Yew, who became the first prime minister of Singapore after its independence.Although his education was cut short by World War II, Robert Kuok's friendships were to play an important role in his later career. Kuok's use of "guanxi" (which in Chinese refers to having a network of prominent allies) enabled him to build his empire rapidly both during and after the war. Kuok also was gifted with the ability to spot opportunity, and especially to see into the long term. During the Japanese occupation of Malaysia and Singapore during the war, Kuok went to work for Mitsubishi, where he learned Japanese. This enabled him to emerge as an important supplier of basic foodstuffs.Following the war, Kuok recognized that heavy competition and low margins had made the rice trade unattractive. Instead, Kuok switched his efforts to the sugar trade, and moved to England, where he learned his way around the commodities markets before returning to Malaysia. Following Malaysia's independence in 1957, Kuok's guanxi enabled him to build a true sugar empire, developing significant plantations. In 1959, Kuok entered sugar refining as well. Before long, Kuok had established a reputation as the "Sugar King," controlling as much as 10 percent of the world's sugar supply.Despite remaining a minority in Malaysia, the ethnic Chinese community had long dominated the country's economy. Growing demands for a more equitable distribution of wealth in the country led Kuok to transfer his business empire to Singapore in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Nonetheless, Kuok supported the need to establish a more equitable distribution of wealth, if only to ensure the country's political and economic stability.At the same time, Kuok had begun to expand his business interests into other areas. In the mid-1960s, for example, Kuok entered flour milling and trading. The Kuok Group, as Kuok's business empire came to be known, also added interests in palm oil (PPB Oil Palms Bhd.), tanker operations (Malaysian Bulk Carries Bhd.), and even media interests, particularly the South China Morning Post. Yet among Kuok's most significant and most successful ventures was his entry into the real estate and property development sector in the early 1970s. Kuok's Kerry Properties became his real estate flagship, emerging as one of the leading property groups in Hong Kong, with significant real estate holdings and developments throughout the Asian region, including the Chinese mainland, as well as Australia and elsewhere.Among Kuok's early real estate purchases was a hotel property in Singapore. Built in 1971, this property became the starting point for the later Shangri-La luxury hotel chain. Initially, the Kuok group turned over the management of its hotel property to Westin Hotels. In 1981, however, the company added its second hotel, in Kowloon. The new hotel marked Kuok's entry into direct hotel management, as well as ownership. Launching the Shangri-La brand, Kuok founded a new company for its hotel interests, Shangri-La Hotels & Resorts, in 1982. An important factor behind Shangri-La's later success was Kuok's willingness to turn over its direction to hotel industry professionals David Hayden and Robert Hutchinson, both of whom had worked for Westin.Claiming the Chinese Mainland in the 1990sThe combination of Kuok's guanxi and the market experience of Hayden and Hutchinson enabled the company to make a significant move in the mid-1980s. In 1984, the company opened its first hotel on the Chinese mainland, in Hangzhou, on the eastern coast, becoming a pioneer in the country's virtually non-existent luxury hotel market. The company's choice of that market also revealed its ability to plan for the long term. Rather than simply target China's major and most well-known markets, such as Beijing and Shanghai, Shangri-La saw potential in developing its position in lesser-known and smaller cities. In this way, the company's properties became the first--and often only--luxury hotel in a given area. Many of these cities nonetheless had populations of five million or more, and represented important industrial growth areas.Shangri-La launched a second hotel brand in 1989, with a first site in Beijing. Called Traders, the new hotel chain gave the company a mid-range brand, with sparser accommodations. Nonetheless, the company installed the same level of luxury services at the new Traders hotel, as a part of its creation of a bridge level between the four-star and five-star hotel grades. Traders represented part of the group's long-term strategy as well, targeting locations with no luxury hotels. By introducing the Traders brand, the company hoped to develop a market for luxury hotel services, paving the way for the entry of its Shangri-La brand as well.Shangri-La grew only slowly during the 1980s, however. By the beginning of the 1990s, the group counted just six hotels. Yet the company had developed a strong foundation for growth into the new decade. In the early 1990s, the company doubled the number of hotels, owned by Kerry Properties and other Kuok companies, adding sites in Hong Kong, the Philippines, and Fiji. In the meantime, the Kuok Group began expanding its property interests in mainland China, launching 12 new developments, including hotels, in the early 1990s.In the mid-1990s, Kuok set up a second property ownership vehicle, Shangri-La Asia Ltd., which paid the Kuok group HKD $4.2 billion to acquire the existing Shangri-La properties in 1995. Shangri-La Asia was then listed on the Hong Kong and Singapore Stock Exchanges, reducing Kuok's stake to less than 63 percent. The following year, Shangri-La Asia paid another HKD 2.5 billion ($321 million) to buy up the 12 Kuok hotel properties under development in China. Then, in 1997, property-owning Shangri-La Asia took over hotel management company Shangri-La Hotels & Resorts, becoming an integrated hotel management and ownership group.By the end of the decade, Shangri-La's portfolio had grown to 39 properties, including 17 hotels in operation or under development in China alone. Indeed, the company's early focus on the mainland Chinese market helped shield it from the worst of the Asian economic crisis in the later half of the 1990s, from which China emerged relatively unscathed. The company's strategy of investing in relatively unknown areas of the mainland also had placed it in a strong position to profit from the surge in China's industrial sector and from the country's fast-growing economy in general at the dawn of the 21st century.Shangri-La also had begun developing its interests beyond the Asian region. At the beginning of the century, the company added its first hotel in the Middle East, in Dubai. The company also acquired its first North American property, the Pacific Palisades in Vancouver, Canada.Global Luxury Hotel Empire in the New CenturyThe early 2000s proved a difficult period for the company, however. The global dropoff in tourist and business travel following the terrorist attacks against the United States in 2001 was further exacerbated by the SARS epidemic in much of Asia in 2002 and 2003. Backed by the Kuok Group's deep pockets, Shangri-La nonetheless continued its ambitious development program, led by the desire of Robert Kuok, then in his 70s, to see Shangri-La build its portfolio to more than 100 hotels in his lifetime.China remained central to Shangri-La's growth plans. In 2005, for example, the company announced that it planned to build 15 new hotels in that country before 2010. At the same time, Shangri-La, by then the largest luxury hotel operator based in the Asian region, had set its sights on building a global brand, announcing plans to enter Europe and North America during the decade as well. In February 2005, the company announced its first European property, a 30-year lease contract for a hotel in the London Bridge Tower development, scheduled for completion in 2009. The company also announced its interest in establishing hotels in Paris, Frankfurt, and other European cities. Meanwhile, the company was scouting out properties in the United States, targeting at least one property in that country by the end of 2005.Principal Subsidiaries: Edsa Shangri-La Hotel & Resort, Inc. (Philippines); Fiji Mocambo Limited; Kerry Industrial Company Limited; Mactan Shangri-La Hotel & Resort, Inc. (Philippines); Makati Shangri-La Hotel & Resort, Inc. (Philippines); Shangri-La Asia Treasury Limited; Shangri-La Finance Limited; Shangri-La Hotel (Baotou) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Chengdu) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Guangzhou Pazhou) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Guilin) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Huhhot) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Ningbo) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Shenzhen Futian) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Wenzhou) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel (Xian) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel Limited (Singapore); Shangri-La Hotel Management Consultancy (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.; Shangri-La Hotel Public Company Limited (Thailand); Shangri-La Hotels (Malaysia) Berhad; Shangri-La International Hotel Management B.V. (The Netherlands); Shangri-La International Hotel Management Limited (Hong Kong); SLIM International Limited (Cook Islands); Traders Yangon Company (Myanmar) Limited; Yanuca Island Limited (Fiji).Principal Competitors: Three Cities Group; Nicon Hotels Ltd.; Mingly Corporation Limited; Tokyu Corporation; Mitsui Fudosan Company Ltd.; Beijing Jingxi Tourism Development; Sapporo Holdings Ltd.; The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited; Mandarin Oriental International Limited; New World Development Company Limited.
What happened in 1888?
January - The subterranean Sarawak chamber is discovered in Borneo.January 1 - Greece enters the European Community, which later becomes the European Union.JanuaryMoTuWeThFrSaSu 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031January 1 - Palau becomes self-governing.January 4 - Sheffield police arrest Peter Sutcliffe, a 34-year-old lorry driver, on suspicion of being the Yorkshire Ripper who has killed 13 women and attacked 7 others over the last 6 years.January 5 - Margaret Thatcher carries out a Cabinet reshuffle, sacking Norman St. John-Stevas.January 6 - The Brazilian double decker boat Novo Amapocapsizes in the Amazon River, Belem de Cajari, Macapa, Brazil; 230 are killed.January 16 - Protestant gunmen shoot and wound Bernadette Devlin McAliskey and her husband.January 17 - Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos lifts martial law.January 19 - United States and Iranian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity.January 20 - Ronald Reagan succeeds Jimmy Carter, as the 40th President of the United States. Minutes later, Iran releases the 52 Americans held for 444 days, ending the Iran hostage crisis.January 21 - The first De Lorean DMC-12 automobile, a stainless steel sports car with gull-wing doors, rolls off the production line in Dunmurry, Northern Ireland.January 22 - Fowzi Nejad, sole survivor of the terrorists from the Iranian Embassy siege in London, pleads guilty to manslaughter of 2 hostages and gets jailed for life.January 23 - An earthquake of 6.8 magnitude in Sichuan, China kills 150.January 24 - The British Labour Party special conference at Wembley decides that leadership elections should be by electoral college.January 25 - Four former Labour cabinet ministers (Roy Jenkins, Shirley Williams, William Rodgers and David Owen) issue the Limehouse Declaration, leading to the formation of the Social Democratic Party.January 25 - Chiang Ching ('Madame Mao') is sentenced to death in the People's Republic of China.January 25 - Super Bowl XV: The Oakland Raiders defeat the Philadelphia Eagles 27-10 at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana.January 27 - The Indonesian passenger ship Tamponas 2catches fire and capsizes in the Java Sea, killing 580.FebruaryFebruaryMoTuWeThFrSaSu 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728February 4 - Gro Harlem Brundtland becomes Prime Minister of Norway.February 8 - 19 fans of Olympiacos FC and 2 fans of AEK Athens die, and 54 are injured, after a stampede at the Karaiskaki Stadium in Pireus, possibly because Gate 7 does not open immediately after the end of the game.February 9 - Polish Prime Minister Józef Pinkowski resigns and is replaced by General Wojciech Jaruzelski.February 10 - A fire at the Las Vegas Hilton hotel-casino kills 8 and injures 198.February 13 - Rupert Murdoch buys The Times and The Sunday Times for £12 million.February 14 - Stardust fire: A fire at the Stardust nightclub in Artane, Dublin, Ireland in the early hours kills 48 and injures 214.February 14 - Australia withdraws recognition of the Pol Pot regime in Cambodia.February 23 - Antonio Tejero, with members of the Guardia Civil, enters the Spanish Congress of Deputies and stops the session where Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo is about to be named president of the government. The coup d'état fails thanks to King Juan Carlos.February 24 - A powerful, magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits Athens, killing 16 people, injuring thousands and destroying several buildings, mostly in Corinth and the nearby towns of Loutraki, Kiato and Xylokastro.MarchMarchMoTuWeThFrSaSu 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031March 1 - Bobby Sands, a Provisional Irish Republican Army member, begins a hunger strike for political status in Long Kesh prison (he dies May 5, the first of 10 men).March 6 - After 19 years hosting the CBS Evening News, Walter Cronkite signs off for the last time.March 10 - Sir Geoffrey Howe announces the British budget, which raises taxes in the middle of a recession.March 11 - Chilean military dictator Augusto Pinochet is sworn in as President of Chile for another 8-year term.March 17 - In Italy the Propaganda Due Masonic Lodge is discovered.March 19 - Three workers are killed and 5 injured during a test of the Space Shuttle Columbia.March 26 - The British Social Democratic Party is launched at the Connaught Rooms in London.March 29 - The first London Marathon starts with 7,500 runners.March 30 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C. hotel by John Hinckley, Jr. Two police officers and Press Secretary James Brady are also wounded.March 31 - The 53rd Academy Awards, hosted by Johnny Carson, are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles. Robert Redford's directorial debut in Ordinary People wins Best Picture and Best Director.AprilAprilMoTuWeThFrSaSu 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930April 12: First STS launch: Columbia.April 1 - Daylight saving time is introduced in the USSR.April 2 - Tony Benn announces that he will challenge Denis Healey for the Deputy Leadership of the British Labour Party.April 4 - The UK pop group Bucks Fizz wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1981 with the song, Making Your Mind Up.April 10 - IRA hunger-striker Bobby Sands wins the Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election.April 11 - Brixton riot (1981): Rioters in South London throw petrol bombs, attack police and loot shops.April 12 - The Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Columbia (John Young, Robert Crippen) launches on the STS-1 mission, returning to Earth on April 14.April 15 - The Australian Foreign Minister Andrew Peacock resigns from the cabinet, accusing Prime Minister Fraser of gross disloyalty.April 18 - A Minor League Baseball game between the Rochester Red Wings and the Pawtucket Red Sox at McCoy Stadium in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, becomes the longest professional baseball game in history: 8 hours and 25 minutes/33 innings (the 33rd inning is not played until June 23).April 18 - The rock band Yes splits up (regrouping in 1983).April 26 - French presidential election: A first-round runoff results between Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and François Mitterrand.MayMayMoTuWeThFrSaSu 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031May - Daniel K. Ludwig abandons the Jari project in the Amazon Basin.May 1 - The new Chilean pension system, based on private pension funds, begins.May 5 - Bobby Sands, Provisional Irish Republican Army volunteer and elected member of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, dies aged 27 while on hunger strike in HM Prison Maze.May 6 - A jury of architects and sculptors unanimously selects Maya Lin's design for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial from 1,421 other entries.May 7 - The Greater London Council election results in a small Labour majority. On May 8, Ken Livingstone becomes Leader of the Council.May 10 - In the second round of the presidential elections in France, François Mitterrand beats Valéry Giscard d'Estaing.May 10 - In Italy a popular referendum rejects the abrogation of the law allowing abortion.May 13 - Pope John Paul II is shot and nearly killed by Mehmet Ali Ağca, a Turkish gunman, as he enters St. Peter's Square in Rome to address a general audience.May 15 - Donna Payant is murdered by serial killer Lemuel Smith, the first time a female prison officer has been killed on-duty in the United States.May 21 - In France, Socialist François Mitterrand becomes President.May 22 - Peter Sutcliffe is found guilty of being the Yorkshire Ripper. He is sentenced to life imprisonment on 13 counts of murder and 7 of attempted murder.May 25 - In Riyadh, the Gulf Cooperation Council is created between Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.May 26 - The Italian government resigns over its links to the fascist Masonic cell Propaganda Due.May 30 - Bangladesh President Ziaur Rahman is assassinated in Chittagong.JuneJuneMoTuWeThFrSaSu123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930 June 5 - The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that 5 homosexual men in Los Angeles, California have a rare form of pneumonia seen only in patients with weakened immune systems (the first recognized cases of AIDS).June 6 - Bihar train disaster: Seven coaches of an overcrowded passenger train fall off the tracks into the River Kosi in Bihar, India; about 800 die.June 7 - The Israeli Air Force destroys Iraq's Osirak nuclear reactor.June 12 - Major League Baseball goes on strike, forcing the cancellation of 38 percent of the schedule.June 13 - At the Trooping the Colour ceremony in London, Marcus Sarjeant fires 6 blank shots at Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.June 18 - Organization of Eastern Caribbean States founded.June 21 - Wayne Williams, a 23-year-old African American, is arrested and charged with the murders of 2 other African Americans. He is later accused of 28 others, in the Atlanta child murders.June 22 - Iranian president Abolhassan Banisadr is deposed.June 26 - Couples For Christ, a Christian charismatic organization, is established in the Philippines.June 29 - Morris Edwin Robert, armed with a machine gun, holds hostages in the FBI section at the Atlanta, Georgia Federal Building. After 3 hours the hostages are rescued and Robert is killed in a shootout with Federal Agents.JulyJulyMoTuWeThFrSaSu 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031AugustMoTuWeThFrSaSu12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031July 2 - The Wonderland Gang is brutally murdered in a massacre involving Eddie Nash.July 3 - The Toxteth riots in Liverpool, UK start after a mob saves a youth from being arrested. Shortly afterward, the Chapeltown riots in Leeds start after increased racial tension.July 7 - President Ronald Reagan nominates the first woman, Sandra Day O'Connor, to the Supreme Court of the United States.July 8 - California Governor Jerry Brown, faced with a Mediterranean fruit fly infestation, chooses to delay the aerial spraying of malathion, in favor of continuing ground-based eradication efforts.July 8 - Irish Republican Joe McDonnell dies at the Long Kesh Internment Camp after a 61-day hunger strike.July 10 - Mahathir bin Mohamad becomes the 4th Prime Minister of Malaysia.July 17 - Hyatt Regency walkway collapse: Two skywalks filled with people at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri collapse into a crowded atrium lobby, killing 114.July 17 - Israeli aircraft bomb Beirut, destroying multi-story apartment blocks containing the offices of PLO associated groups, killing approximately 300 civilians and resulting in worldwide condemnation and a U.S. embargo on the export of aircraft to Israel.[1]July 17 - In Bolivia, General Luis Gracia Meza leads a bloody coup d'état against the elected government of Lidia Gayler.July 19 - The 1981 Springbok Tour commences in New Zealand, amid controversy over the support of apartheid.July 21 - Tohui The Panda is born in Chapultepec Zoo in Mexico City, the first panda to ever be born and survive in captivity outside of China.July 27 - Adam Walsh, 6, is kidnapped from a Sears store in Hollywood, Florida.July 29 - Lady Diana Spencer marries Charles, Prince of Wales.AugustAugust 1 - MTV (Music Television) is launched on cable television in the United States.August 3 - The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) goes on strike.August 5 - Ronald Reagan fires 11,359 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order for them to return to work.August 7 - The Washington Star ceases publication after 128 years.August 9 - Major League Baseball resumes from the strike with the All-Star Game in Cleveland's Municipal Stadium.August 10 - Exactly 2 weeks after his disappearance, the severed head of 6-year-old Hollywood, Florida native Adam Walsh is found in a canal in Vero Beach, Florida; to this day the rest of the boy's body has never been recovered.August 12 - The original Model 5150 IBM PC (with a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 processor) is released in the United States at a base price of $1,565.August 19 - Gulf of Sidra incident (1981): Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi sends 2 Sukhoi Su-22 fighter jets to intercept 2 U.S. fighters over the Gulf of Sidra. The American jets destroy the Libyan fighters.August 19 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan appoints the first female U.S. Supreme Court Justice, Sandra Day O'Connor.August 24 - Mark David Chapman is sentenced to 20 years to life in prison, after being convicted of murdering John Lennon in Manhattan 8 months earlier.August 28 - South African troops invade Angola.August 31 - A bomb explodes at the U.S. Air Force base in Ramstein, West Germany, injuring 20 people.SeptemberSeptemberMoTuWeThFrSaSu 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930September 4 - An explosion at a mine in Záluží, Czechoslovakia, kills 65 people.September 6 - Walter Cronkite retired from journalism.September 10 - Picasso's painting "Guernica" is moved from New York to Madrid.September 11 - A small plane crashes into the Swing Auditorium in San Bernardino, California, damaging the venue beyond repair.September 14 - Margaret Thatcher appoints Cecil Parkinson as Chairman of the Conservative Party.September 15 - The John Bull becomes the oldest operable steam locomotive in the world, at 150 years old, when it operates under its own power outside Washington, DC.September 16 - In Britain, the Liberal Party Assembly votes for an electoral pact with the new Social Democratic Party.September 17 - Ric Flair defeats Dusty Rhodes to win his first World Heavyweight Wrestling Championship in Kansas City.September 18 - France abolishes capital punishment.September 19 - The second Wranslide occurs in New South Wales, with the Wran government re-elected for a third term with an increased majority, and reducing the Liberal Party of Australia to just 14 members in the Legislative Assembly.September 19 - Simon & Garfunkel perform The Concert in Central Park, a free concert in New York in front of approximately half a million people.September 20 - The Brazilian river boat Sobral Santoscapsizes in the Amazon River, Óbidos, Brazil, killing at least 300.September 21 - Belize becomes independent.September 25 - Sandra Day O'Connor takes her seat as the first female justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.September 25 - The Rolling Stones begin their Tattoo You tour at JFK Stadium in Philadelphia.September 26 - The Boeing 767 airliner makes its first flight.September 26 - The Sydney Tower first opened to the public.September 27 - TGV high speed rail service between Paris and Lyon, France begins.September 27 - Denis Healey retains the post of Deputy Leader of the Labour Party, beating Tony Benn by 50.426% to 49.574%.OctoberOctoberMoTuWeThFrSaSu 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031October 6 - Egyptian president Anwar Sadat is assassinated during a parade by army members who belong to the Egyptian Islamic Jihad organization; they opposed his negotiations with Israel.October 10 - The Ministry for Education of Japan issues the jōyō kanji.October 10 - A Provisional IRA bomb at Chelsea Barracks in London kills a woman pensioner.October 13 - James Tobin wins the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.October 14 - Vice President Hosni Mubarak is elected President of Egypt 1 week after Anwar Sadat's assassination.October 16 - Gas explosions at a coal mine at Hokutan, Yūbari, Hokkaidō, Japan kill 93.October 21 - Andreas Papandreou becomes Prime Minister of Greece.October 22 - The founding congress of the Nepal Workers and Peasants Organization faction led by Hareram Sharma and D. P. Singh begins.October 22 - Liberal candidate Bill Pitt wins the Croydon North West by-election, the first election win by the Liberal-S.D.P. Alliance.October 26 - An IRA bomb in a Wimpy Bar in Oxford Street, London, kills a bomb disposal expert.October 27 - A Soviet submarine runs aground outside the Karlskrona, Sweden military base.October 28 - The thrash metal band Metallica forms in Los Angeles.NovemberNovemberMoTuWeThFrSaSu 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930November 1: Flag of Antigua & Barbuda.November 1 - Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United Kingdom.November 9 - Edict No. 81-234 abolishes slavery in Mauritania.November 12 - STS-2: Space Shuttle Columbia (Joe Engle, Richard Truly) lifts off for its second mission.November 12 - The Church of England General Synod votes to admit women to holy orders.November 13 - The first Friday the 13th motorcycle event is held in Port Dover, Ontario, Canada.November 16 - Luke and Laura marry on the U.S. soap opera General Hospital; it is the highest-rated hour in daytime television history.November 18 - COMDEX Fall, IBM introduces the IBM PC. Scientific Solutions announces the first PC add-in cards.November 23 - Iran-Contra scandal: Ronald Reagan signs the top secret National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), authorizing the Central Intelligence Agency to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua.November 25-26 - A group of mercenaries led by Mike Hoare take over Mahe airport in the Seychelles in a coup attempt. Most of the mercenaries escape by a commandeered Air India passenger jet; 6 are later arrested.November 26 - Former cabinet minister Shirley Williams wins the Crosby by-election, becoming the first elected S.D.P. MP.November 30 - Cold War: In Geneva, representatives from the United States and the Soviet Union begin negotiating intermediate-range nuclear weapon reductions in Europe (the meetings end inconclusively on Thursday, December 17).DecemberDecemberMoTuWeThFrSaSu 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031December 1 - A Yugoslavian McDonnell Douglas DC-9 crashes into a mountain while approaching Ajaccio Airport in Corsica, killing 178.December 4 - South Africa grants "homeland" Ciskei independence (not recognized outside South Africa).December 5 - American general James Lee Dozier is kidnapped in Verona by the Italian Red Brigades.December 8 - The No. 21 Mine explosion in Whitwell, Tennessee kills 13.December 8 - Arthur Scargill becomes President-elect of the National Union of Mineworkers.December 10 - During the Ministerial Session of the North Atlantic Council in Brussels, Spain signs the Protocol of Accession to NATO.December 11 - Boxing: Muhammad Ali loses to Trevor Berbick; this proved to be Ali's last-ever fight.December 11 - El Mozote massacre: In El Salvador, army units kill 900 civilians.December 13 - Wojciech Jaruzelski declares martial law in Poland, to prevent the dismantling of the communist system by Solidarity.December 15 - A car bomb destroys the Iraqi Embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killing 61 people; Syrian intelligence is blamed.[clarification needed]December 20 - The Penlee lifeboat disaster occurs off the coast of South-West Cornwall.December 21 - Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa (PTA).December 28 - The first American test-tube baby, Elizabeth Jordan Carr, is born in Norfolk, Virginia.December 31 - A coup d'état in Ghana removes President Hilla Limann's PNP government and replaces it with the PNDC led by Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings.UndatedHeavy massive snow causes many houses and buildings to collapse in northwestern Japan; 152 are killed (from January to March).The Millennium translation of Saint Edward the Martyr's relics from Wareham to Shaftesbury is observed in a reenactment.Public funding of election campaigns is introduced in New South Wales, Australia.The State Council of the People's Republic of China lists the 4 cities (Beijing, Hangzhou, Suzhou and Guilin) as those where the protection of historical and cultural heritage, as well as natural scenery, should be treated as a priority project.Cuba suffers a major outbreak of Dengue fever, with 344,203 cases. [1]Luxor AB Presents the ABC 800 computer.Information Technology Training Institution NIIT in India is established.The Kosovo Liberation Army is form
What feelling does Yani capture in her paintings of the Guilin mountains?
In her paintings of the mountains,she tries to capture the feeling of tranquility that she experienced while visiting the scene.
What feeling does yani capture in her paintings of Guilin mountains?
Yani captures the tranquility of the mountains
What is Guilin's population?
Guilin's population is 1,340,000.
Where are the Guilin Caves located?
At Guilin, Guangxi, PRC.
Guilin medical university in China?
Guilin Medical University is located at Guilin city in Guangxi province, China. Address: 56 Lequn Road, Guilin China
What is the area of Guilin?
The area of Guilin is 27,809 square kilometers.
Is guilin a province?
no. Guilin is a city situated in northeast Guangxi in south China
When was Guilin University of Technology created?
Guilin University of Technology was created in 1956.
When was Guilin Medical University created?
Guilin Medical University was created in 1958.
How do you pronounce Guilin?
Guilin is pronounced as "Gwee-lin" with the emphasis on the first syllable.
Distance wuhan to guilin China?
It is almost 920 km from Wuchang (Wuhan) to Guilin
Is guilin a city in China?
sure. Guilin is a city located in the northeastern part of the Guangxi China.
