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Given the two periods, it can be evidently seen how much the Philippine society changed and how the Spanish regime invoked the sudden will of the Filipino for freedom. During the pre-colonial period, the Filipino didn't have a sense of nationalism for they don't have a common identity yet during that time. They primarily focus was their community and the people's welfare and they didn't show any sign of interest with other barangays. This proves that the Philippines didn't act as a nation despite seeing movement for every community. In contrast, the Spanish period drove the Filipinos to act as a nation. Being ill-treated and misguided, the Filipinos found the courage and strength from Rizal's works and revolted against the Spaniards and this turned out to be the Filipino nationalism that we know now today (Cortes et al., 2000).
There are different factors that led to the development of Filipino nationalism namely the deaths of GOMBURZA, Rizal's writings and his two novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo", and world events that occurred during the Spanish regime. First is the death of GOMBURZA. The Filipinos were severely affected by the deaths of these three priests because many, especially those who witnessed the execution believed that they were innocent. It was described to be a judicial murder and this incident is something that the Filipinos could forget during that time.
Second is Rizal's writings.The Filipinos, before Rizal's time, were afraid to fight for their freedom because of different reasons, including the false teachings of Catholicism during that time. When Rizal's two novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, circulated among the masses, a sense of unity has begun to form and the Filipinos started to unite as one in fending off the Spanish oppression.
Third are the world events that occurred during the Spanish regime. These events namely the Seven Years' War, French Revolution, US Declaration of Independence, Latin American War of Independence, Age of Enlightenment introduced the concept of Liberalism to the Filipinos. During this time, the Filipino learned that the Spaniards were not that superior and that they can be defeated. These events caused the opening of the Suez Canal, the Philippines became opened to world trade, the death of Rizal, Chinese expulsion and the Jesuit eviction. Most of the perceptions of the Filipino changed during this point.
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