War means loss of manpower - and of course it is the fittest males who die. This was not always a negative, as an excess of young men meant that there was no land for them to farm - the family farms were too small to subdivide, and these landless became a sub-class with the resultant internal strife which comes from the alienated propertyless. It is for that reason the cities sent out colonies around the Mediterranean and Black Sea littorals - they could be allotted land and become citizens of the new city.
But of course, the winner of war may well be strengthened - by gaining additional territory and plunder. States usually fight because of advantage to be gained, so there are winners and losers.
It was only in such wars as the Peloponnesian War that the devastation was widespread, and eventually led to the ascendancy of Macedonia over the city-states weakened by a century of widespread war.
The Peloponnese war
It caused Greece to be divided.
The Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE) marked the beginning of the end of Greek dominance. It was a protracted and devastating conflict between Athens and Sparta, eventually leading to the decline of both city-states. The war weakened Greece politically, economically, and militarily, laying the groundwork for the rise of Macedonia and ultimately Alexander the Great's conquest of the Greek city-states.
The ongoing disputes between the Greek city-states getting out of control, focussing into a 27-year war which devastated Greece.
the outside people
They were different - one was Persia versus a coalition of Greek city-states; the other was Greek city-states versus Greek city-states.
Greek city states lose power at the peloponnesian war due to economic, infrastructural and agricultural ruin.
The Greek city-states of Asia Minor revolted against Persian rule. This war spread to include mainland Greek city-states.
The Peloponnese war
Independence, just as it was before the war. That is how the Greek world was structured.
The Persian thought the Persian Empire. The coalitions of Greek city-states thought the coalitions of Greek city-states.
It was between an alliance of Greek city-states and the Persian Empire. Today we call it the Persian War to differentiate it from the wars between the Greek city-states. It is often called the Greco-Persian War.
A confederation of Greek city-states.
yes they were
It ended Persian attempts to control Greek war-making, leaving the Greek city-states to increasingly destructive wars with each other.
The Peloponnesian War ended the Golden Age of Greece and lead to the battling for the dominance between the city-states. Leadership of the Greek states first passed from Athens to Thebes and then to Macedonia.
Trade and War