Can cow pox be given to people to prevent smallpox?
Edward Jenner was born on May 17, 1749, in Berkeley,
Gloucestershire, England, the son of the Rev. Stephen Jenner, vicar
of Berkeley. It was he, who discovered the cure for small pox.
The story of smallpox says that he spoke to a milkmaid who
claimed that she would never suffer from smallpox since she had
previously suffered from cowpox. Jenner investigated this and found
that just as the milkmaid had said, anyone who had suffered from
the fairly trivial cowpox, seemed to be immune from the far
deadlier smallpox. He then started to experiment with creating what
would later be called a "Vaccine". He took cultures from the scabs
of cowpox and from it created a fluid which could be used to
purposefully infect a patient with a less virile version of
cowpox.
The weakened version of the cowpox vaccine was sufficiently
related to the smallpox virus to allow cowpox infected patients
immune systems to learn how to react to smallpox and create
antibodies to fight off the infection.
In 1802 Jenner was awarded £10,000 by the British Parliament for
the discovery and a few years later he was given a further £20,000
(A vast sum of money at that time). Even though he was now a
wealthy man, Jenner continued with his experiments and developed
his vaccination system. He suffered from a stroke in later life and
eventually died January 26, 1823.