possible general disaster counter measures
they settled near rivers and began to farm
an abandoned vehicle left in peculiar location
If the meaning is "prior warning" (ie: "warning in advance") then "advance warning" is correct. If the meaning is "further warning" (more urgent than when previously given) then "advanced warning" is correct.
the ratio of 1night stands in a country
To promote research and development leading to technological superiority to make possible the defense of the U.S. against possible future attack by unfriendly nations.