The Hammet substituent constant shows the electron donating or accepting nature of the molecule as well as its chemical reactivity. It is often used in the QSAR study of drugs.
Substituents with a positive Hammet substituent constant are electron withdrawing. Examples include CF3.
Substituents with a negative Hammet substituent constant are electron donating. Examples include R groups and OH groups.
This is because these substituents have too many interferences.
Yes
1983
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5'8"/1.75 meters
November 18, 1963
Iodine is called an iodo substituent when it is attached to a carbon skeleton in organic chemistry. It is commonly represented by the symbol I.
The lead guitarist for mettalica is Kirk Hammet
Ron McGoveny
Two substituent groups can be obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from propane, resulting in propyl groups.