The pineal gland releases melatonin, which regulates sleep/wake cycles. The adrenal glands release epinephrine, which is the fight or flight hormone.
The PINGAS gland
The endocrine glands found just above the kidneys are the adrenal glands. These glands are responsible for producing hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol, which are involved in the body's response to stress and the "fight or flight" response.
The adrenal gland produces hormones like cortisol and adrenaline that help regulate metabolism, immune response, and the body's fight or flight response to stress. It also plays a role in maintaining blood pressure and electrolyte balance.
The chemical product of an endocrine gland is called a hormone. These cause changes in the body. Different glands will produce different hormones for different purposes. For example, the adrenal glands will produce adrenaline (fight or flight hormone), the pituitary gland will produce testosterone and oestrogen (puberty hormones) and the hypothalamus in the brain will produce many hormones that regulate bodily functions such as breathing, heart-beat, body temperature etc.
The fight or flight response happens when large amounts of adrenaline and other stress hormones surges through your body causing you to decide whether to fight (defend) or take flight (run).
the pituitary glands
the pituitary glands
The adrenal gland (more specifically the Adrenal Medulla).
The fight-or-flight response involves the activation of the adrenal glands, which release hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones increase heart rate, blood pressure, and energy levels to prepare the body to either confront a threat or flee from it.
The adrenal gland releases stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline in response to stress or perceived threats. These hormones help the body respond to stress by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and energy levels.
The hormones of the adrenal gland can act on the physiology of fear by intensifying it. Epinephrine is release when the body has a flight or fight response. This hormone increase heart rate, respiratory rate, and muscle contractions. Epinephrine also heightens the fear response in humans.
Adrenal Medulla
The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion that produces amine hormones, such as adrenaline and noradrenaline. These hormones are released in response to stress and help prepare the body for fight-or-flight responses.