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CO2 dissolves in blood to form carbonic acid; therefore its effects are mainly through changing the pH of the blood.

Chemoreceptors in the brain detect this lowered pH and cause a very strong, irresistible desire to breathe - which exchanges the CO2 for oxygen.

If this mechanism fails, the lowered pH causes muscle twitches and jerks, as well as seizures, coma and death.

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Q: What would happen if Co2 is high in patient?
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