Blood culture done in the first week is the diagnostic test for typhoid fever. Blood culture is positive in over 85 % of cases. The next is paired Widal test done at the interval of one week after one week of fever. This is not that much sensitive and specific test.
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Apparently there are different methods but all of them rely on the culture of body fluids. Blood, urine, stools, and more recently saliva as well (ELISA)
You may go for blood culture in first week. Then paired Widal test after one week. Complete hemogram to be done. You have leukopenia in typhoid fever.