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Mydriasis is a condition wherein the pupil is dilated and remains so for prolonged duration. There are two types of the condition: Unilateral or Bi-lateral. There many causes that are attributed to this condition, though only a few are listed herein. Few health conditions are also listed while other causes include drugs and trauma.
The most common causes include health conditions like Carotid artery aneurysm, Botulism, Adie's syndrome, Acute angle-closure glaucoma, Ocular surgery, Brain death, Raised intracranial pressure, Serotonin syndrome, Cerebral oedema and other causes like Antipsychotic agents, Cocaine, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Dopram Injection and lots more.
It could be caused by trauma to the eye. An injury to the head or the eye which damages the iris sphincter can cause Mydriasis because it is this delicate muscle which controls the movement of the pupil. If the oculomotor nerve is damaged, then that could lead to the development of the condition. This condition could even be caused by the use of drugs. Sometimes, the condition of mydriasis even occurs during intense sexual arousal. Drugs are among one of the major causes of the disease. A number of groups of drugs such as the anticholinergics like atropine, hallucinogens such as LSD and mescaline, dissociatives like ketamine could cause Mydriasis. Some antidepressants or other drugs increasing serotonin levels could also cause Mydriasis.
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