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This is high blood pressure brought on by pregnancy. You can have complications during birth. It can be fatal to the life of mother and baby.
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Pre eclampsia is diagnosed when you have 2 of the following signs:
1. High blood pressure (usually 140/90 or above)
2. Ketones (protein) in the urine (tested by a strip dipped into urine)
3 Swelling of the ankles/ legs (edema), particularly if your fingermarks show when you press on the swelling (pitting edema).
When pre eclampsia is diagnosed you will have more frequent doctor and/or midwife appointments to check on your and your baby's condition/health. In some cases, pre eclampsia can progress (get worse) and your baby will be induced and delivered earlier than your due date. Pre eclampsia can progress if undiagnosed and untreated to become eclampsia. This means that the mother may have fits (seizures) and this can endanger her and her baby's life.
Careful monitoring and treatment of a mother with pre eclampsia usually prevents eclampsia in most cases.
Pre eclampsia usually occurs after the 30 - 32nd week of pregnancy, although it can occur earlier. (this is usually more serious)
Effects on the baby:
1. The baby may be born prematurely (before 36 weeks of gestation).
2. The baby may be small in size as high blood pressure restricts the flow of blood to the placenta (afterbirth) and the baby gets less nutrition. (this is called Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation or IUGR)
3. Acidosis - the restricted blood flow to the placenta means that the baby gets less oxygen and has to use it's own reserves in the muscles. This results in lactic acid being produced and is poisonous to the baby. The baby is at severe risk here and needs to be delivered urgently.
If untreated there is a risk that the baby will die.
This is why antenatal (prenatal) checkups are so important. So make sure you keep your appointments with your midwife and/or doctor.
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