It is the method of testing for the presence of Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (HCG), which is elevated during pregnancy. This process invovles, firstly, incubation of a urine sample and anti-HCG (complementary antibodies that will bind to the HCG hormone). After incubation an 'Hapton Carrier-Conjugate' is added. This molecule has many HCG residues bound to it. If the patient is pregnant, their urine will be concetrated with HCG and it will be to the antibody, causing most of the antibodies to be bound during the addition of the conjugate. The outcome is that there is no visible clumping of the conjugate therefore the patient will be diagnosed as pregnant. If the patient is not pregnant, the antibody will bind to the conjugates when they are added, causing the larger molecules to be bound together, and form visible clumps.
HCG - Human chorionic gonadotropin Produced during pregnancy and made by the developing embryo soon after conception and later by the syncytiotrophoblast (part of theplacenta) HCG is also released by tumours and is an important part of detecting their presence. Levels of hCG may be measured in theblood or urine. Most commonly, this is done as a pregnancy test, intended to indicate the presence or absence of an implanted embryo. Testing for hCG may also be done when diagnosing or monitoring germ cell tumors and gestational trophoblastic disease. Most tests employ a monoclonal antibody, which is specific to the β-subunit of hCG (β-hCG). This procedure is employed to ensure that tests do not makefalse positives by confusing hCG with LH and FSH. (The latter two are always present at varying levels in the body, whereas the presence of hCG almost always indicates pregnancy.)
No, UTI or bladder infection cannot give positive pregnancy test results. The positivity of a pregnancy test is due to a reaction involving hCG, human chorionic gonadotropic hormone that is present in the urine and an antibody with indicator coated test strip. If the woman is pregnant, then hCG will be present. If she is not pregnant, hCG will not be prestent.
Antibody
the antibody can be uncontrollable
Antibody is a noun.
antibody
No, it is not. Antibody = A protein that fights infection.
Antigen is the opposite of antibody.
Monoclonal antibody
Chickenpox and shingles result from the same virus, and generate the same antibodies. There is no difference between chickenpox antibody and shingles antibody, and there is only one test (varicella virus antibody) for both.
Antibody