I'll start with prevention, which is the much more common response to a potential rabies exposure. The latest protocol is a series of 5 intramuscular shots vaccinating you against rabies (these can be given in the upper arm) as well as a large dose of anti-rabies IgG injected as close to the wound site as possible. This is validated to be very effective in preventing a person from developing rabies.
Treatment once clinical symptoms start is another matter - it takes strong anti-viral drugs, a medially-induced coma and artificially lowering the body temperature to attempt to treat rabies. This has so far only been successful once, on a teenage girl from Wisconsin, United States and is called the Wisconsin protocol - it has yet to be successfully replicated elsewhere.
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is any medical treatment started immediately after exposure to a pathogen especially a virus. For example rabies vaccine is given to humans and animals who been exposed to rabies.. Also tetanus vaccine is given to tetanus exposure. AZT is given for treatment for AIDS exposure.
Yes! This is infact the best time to begin giving post-exposure treatment.
Rabies is almost 100 % preventable disease. You can have pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis.
the post exposure prophylaxis is human rabies immunoglobulin followed by human diploid cell vaccine
Without prompt treatment, rabies is almost always fatal once symptoms appear. However, if immediate medical attention and post-exposure prophylaxis are given after exposure to the virus, the prognosis is very good.
synthetic immunogobulins
Medical treatment must be sought soon after exposure because death invariably follows once the infection becomes established
People bitten by healthy, immunized animals are unlikely to need post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).
No. Extensive studies have show that Rabies, once symptoms have set is, is virtually 100% deadly. (There was a case for a young girl where an experimental treatment was used after symptoms had set in. She recovered, but was mentally retarded due to damage caused by the disease. Said experimental treatment has not worked in all cases either).The only way to survive a rabies exposure is to get the post-exposure treatment (a series of injections) prior to symptoms. Some symptoms include, but are not limited to: flu like symptoms (headache, irritability, fever), later the victim becomes confused and begins to loose lucidity, followed by convulsions and death. The shots are not something you want to wait to do.You can read up on Rabies at the CDCs website.
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis is used as treatment for people that have been exposed to HIV.
If a healthy nerve cell effectively blocks the rabies virus from entry, you would not get rabies. However, there is no scientific evidence that this happens, so please don't pin your hopes on this if you are exposed to the rabies virus. Once you are exposed, you need post-exposure prophylaxis to keep yourself from dying of rabies.
Louis Pasteur discovered the preventive treatment for rabies in 1885.