That is one of the theories. The other theory is tied to the function of dopamine. Dopamine inhibits another chemical called GABA. Without any GABA dopamine doesn't really do anything. The other theory is that they have normal levels of Dopamine and low levels of GABA. These theories came about by the observation that anti-dopamine drugs help the symptoms. The simple answer is we're not quite sure yet.
Excess levels of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is associated with the development of psychosis. This neurotransmitter plays a key role in regulating mood, attention, and motivation, and abnormalities in dopamine levels can lead to symptoms of psychosis such as hallucinations and delusions.
The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia suggests that an overactive dopamine system in the brain contributes to the symptoms of schizophrenia. Specifically, an excess of dopamine activity in certain areas of the brain is believed to be a factor in the development of psychosis in schizophrenia.
As far as we know, dopamine is the main culprit in psychosis. Autospies have shown excess dopaminergic receptors in the brain's of people who suffered psychosis. Other neurotransmitters are also affected.
Insufficient levels of dopamine can cause problems with sleep, mood and movement. For example, lack of dopamine causes the muscular problems seen in people with Parkinson's disease.
Disorders caused by dopamine include Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and restless legs syndrome. In Parkinson's disease, there is a deficiency of dopamine, leading to movement difficulties. In schizophrenia, an excess or dysregulation of dopamine can contribute to symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.
The brain produces more and more dopamine, Remember that dopamine is a chemical that your brain gives off when you engage in healthy activities.
After discontinuing a dopamine receptor blocker, the extra dopamine receptors may eventually return to their normal levels through a process called receptor downregulation, where the body reduces the number of receptors due to decreased demand. This process helps restore balance to the dopamine system.
Dopamine overactivity is most clearly related to conditions such as schizophrenia, where an excess of dopamine activity in certain brain regions is believed to contribute to symptoms like hallucinations and delusions. It is also associated with disorders like bipolar disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) where dopamine dysregulation is believed to play a role in the manifestation of symptoms.
They are postulated to be 1) excess secretion of dopamine, 2) deficiency of serotonin, and 3) deficiency of norepinephrine (among others).
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