Urobilinogen refers to the presence of bilirubin in the urine. Bilirubin is an enzyme that comes from the liver, and if it shows up in urine, that typically means that a person has a serious illness. The illness could be anything from gallstones to anemia, since bilirubin in the urine could be caused by many different things.
Urobilinogen: Urobilinogen is normally present in urine at concentrations up to 1.0mg/dl. A result of 2.0mg/dl represents the transition zone from normal to abnormal and the patient and or urine specimen should be evaluated further for hemolytic and hepatic disease. Evaluation of both the bilirubin and urobilinogen results helps in the differential diagnosis of jaundice, as well as other liver and biliary disorders.
The presence of leukocytes in urine typically indicates inflammation or infection in the urinary tract, while the presence of erythrocytes can suggest bleeding in the urinary system. Further evaluation by a healthcare provider is usually needed to determine the underlying cause of these findings.
High urine content could indicate dehydration, excessive fluid intake, or issues with the kidneys such as kidney disease. It is important to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation and interpretation of the results.
Leukocytes in the urine indicate an infection or some type of damage. This is a nonspecific finding so further testing is necessary for a definitive diagnosis.
It leans there is some of whatever is being tested present in the urine. It is a relative scale ranging from 0 (none) up to usually 3+ or 4+ .
Mostly urine performing time less then two hours . If urine perform after two hour or more late then bacteria growth in the urine and urine container. when this urine perform time nitrites positive because late perform urine bacteria growth. But not found of leukocyte in microscopically in this urine . this urine repeated and perform under timing then not positive nitrites and not found in leukocyte in urine. Airf Hussain (M.Sc. Hematology&Blood Bank)
Leukocytes in the urine are not always a diagnosis of infection present, the amount and degree of leukocytes present is key. +1 +2 or +3 leukocytes indicate bacteria are growing. Higher numbers may be present in people when there is a UTI or several other conditions: such as cancer, kidney infection, and cystitis, urethritis, or contamination, vaginal secretion. Usually when leukocytes are found, the patient's symptoms suggest what to do next. Often, a course of antibiotics is given as a first line treatment when infection is suspected, and nothing more is done if the antibiotics work.
"Blood ++", "2+ blood," and "blood 2+" are different ways of indicating that there was a moderate amount of hidden blood in a urine dipstick.
Increased numbers of white blood cells in urine are usually a sign of a urinary tract infection or other renal diseases. White blood cells are a normal component in the secretions of the male and female genital tracts and can be present in normal urine with concentrations of 0 to 8 cells per high-power field. Some laboratories culture urine with >5 white blood cells per high-power field to rule out a urinary tract infection.
I had scant urothelial cells present in my urine test. What does this mean?
Hematocrit is not an abbreviation. It is the ratio of plasma and the formed elements leukocytes, thrombocytes and erythrocytes.