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Each kidney has millions of tiny filtration units called glomeruli. These glomeruli filter out wastes from the blood and pass them on through the ureters to the bladder, for you to pass as urine.
In addition to filtering the blood, your kidneys are also responsible for maintaining a proper balance of sodium, potassium, and phosphorus in your body. They also help your body maintain the proper amount of red blood cells. That's why people whose kidneys have failed and have to go on dialysis have to watch their intake of sodium, phosphorus, and potassium, and why many dialysis patients are anemic.
Blood entering the kidneys goes into a system of very narrow high pressure blood vessels, these allow various waste products to pass into the ureters, which lead to the bladder.
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TaigaThe kidneys function is to filter urea and excess water from your blood. However the kidneys only REALLY return water back to your blood if you are dehydrated. The urea that is filtered out of the blood is a weakened form of ammonia, which the body produces as a bi product during cellular respiration.
Part of the kidneys job is to "pull" fluids from body systems, including the intestines. When the kidneys are impaired, too much fluid is left in the intestines, which can result in diarrhea. When a person is dehydrated, the kidneys' normal work with the intestines can result in too little fluid left in the intestines, resulting in constipation.
This answer would require too much detail because other factors affect both the kidneys and digestive and excretory systems. For example, how the kidneys handle sodium, plus how much extra sodium a person consumes, also affects fluid shifts between the systems.
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