there are no 'tubes' as such in your heart; they are called chambers. the two chambers at the top are called atria and the two at the bottom are called ventricles. :D
More than one atrium is called "atria." The term "atria" is the plural form of atrium.
The ventricles? (left and right)
The atrium. (Plural: atria.)
Scientists refer to similar structures as homologous structures. These are traits that are shared between different species due to common ancestry, even if their functions may have evolved differently over time.
The heart is made up of four different blood-filled areas, and each of these areas is called a chamber. There are two chambers on each side of the heart. One chamber is on the top and one chamber is on the bottom. The two chambers on top are called the atria (say: ay-tree-uh). If you're talking only about one, call it an atrium. The atria are the chambers that fill with the blood returning to the heart from the body and lungs. The heart has a left atrium and a right atrium.The two chambers on the bottom are called the ventricles(say: ven-trih-kulz). The heart has a left ventricle and a right ventricle. Their job is to squirt out the blood to the body and lungs. Running down the middle of the heart is a thick wall of muscle called the septum (say: sep-tum). The septum's job is to separate the left side and the right side of the heart.The atria and ventricles work as a team - the atria fill with blood, then dump it into the ventricles. The ventricles then squeeze, pumping blood out of the heart. While the ventricles are squeezing, the atria refill and get ready for the next contraction. So when the blood gets pumped, how does it know which way to go?Well, your blood relies on four special valves inside the heart. A valve lets something in and keeps it there by closing - think of walking through a door. The door shuts behind you and keeps you from going backward.Two of the heart valves are the mitral (say: my-trul) valve and the tricuspid (say: try-kus-pid) valve. They let blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The other two are called the aortic(say: ay-or-tik) valve and pulmonary (say: pul-muh-ner-ee) valve, and they're in charge of controlling the flow as the blood leaves the heart. These valves all work to keep the blood flowing forward. They open up to let the blood move ahead, then they close quickly to keep the blood from flowing backward.
Scientists may refer to similar structures as homologous structures, which are anatomical features that have a common evolutionary origin, despite potentially serving different functions in different species. These structures can provide evidence of a shared ancestry between different organisms.
chromatin fibres
I assume you are referring to structures that are left over and serve no apparent purpose. These are called vestigial structures.
Text structures
An engineer or an architect
On the moon there are big rocks that are shaped kind of weird so I guess you could call them structures.