What defends the body against toxins and pathogens?

Answer 1

.Immune system-complex set of defenses to protect the body from pathogens in by students on the

B.First-line defenses-resist pathogens

1. Unbroken skin is a barrier that prevents many pathogens from entering the body.

2. The respiratory system traps pathogens with cilia and mucus.

3. The digestive system uses saliva, enzymes, hydrochloric acid, and mucus to kill bacteria.

4. The circulatory system contains white blood cells that patrol the body and destroy pathogens.

5. Damaged or diseased tissue becomes inflamed, attracting certain white blood cells to light bacteria.

C. Specific immunity-the immune system works against a specific antigen by producing an antibody.

1. In active immunity the body makes its own antibodies in response to an antigen.

a. Some antibodies remain in the bloodstream to tight later infections of the same pathogen.

b. Vaccinationprovides a form of an antigen to provide active immunity.

2. Passive immunity-results when antibodies produced in another animal are introduced into the body

a. Passive immunity does not last as Ion as active immunity.

Answer 2

Yes, the lymphocytes (more commonly known as white blood cells) are a major component of the body's immune system. It is very complex with numerous members that all play important roles (some of which are the B cells, macrophages, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, dendritic cells, eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil).

Answer 3

The Immune System, it includes defenses such as:

the skin - it is a barrier preventing harmful substances entering the body.

platelets - found in the blood, they help clots form over cuts to prevent harmful bacteria entering.

cilia - these are like hairs which sweep harmful bacteria away and out of the body. They are found in the lungs where they prevent infections.

white blood cells - these destroy harmful bacteria and viruses which have entered the body. When a white blood cell has done so, it dies, and comes out of the body in the form of puss.

Answer 4

There are many defenses the body has for foreign invaders, and to start off the list is the simplest of them all: the skin! The skin is an organ created to protect the body from pathogens and toxins. Then we have antimicrobial proteins around the holes (eg: mouth, nose, etc.) to trap invaders. We also have mucus that stops pathogens. The tonsils block viruses and such from entering the stomach. White blood cells (Macrophages) that consume the invaders. Inflammation and fevers might seem bad, but it's actually killing the toxins and pathogens! They send more macrophages to the infection spot, or burn the pathogens respectively. The list goes on about simple defenders, but we should end this with "t" and "b" cells. T and B cells are the most efficient killers in your body (without them, you could die from a common cold!) At first, these cells can't identify the invader. That is where the "helper" T-cells come in. They identify the pathogen, and tell the "cytotoxic" or "killer"-T cells, and the B-cells who the pathogen is. Imagine it as 911, and the killer T-cells and B-cells as the police. The killer T-cells releases digestive enzymes that kill infected cells and pathogens. The B-cells release antibodies that will bind to a pathogen, rendering it useless (imagine this as handcuffs). Finally we have the memory cells. These "remember" the "ID" of the virus, so they can be easily killed if they come back. Once you have working memory cells, you are "immune" to a virus. Getting a vaccine basically give your body the ID.It's why you can only get "-pox" once. (most other pathogens evolve, basically giving them a new 'ID' ".

Answer 5

The immune system is a complex group of defenses that protect the body against pathogens, as well as protecting against cancer and other chromosomal abnormalities.

Answer 6

immune system

Answer 7

immune system, skin