Italy
During the GFC, global finance crisis, Germany created a strong export sector which allowed unemployment to continue. Germany benefited greatly over the UK.
Imperial nations, such as United Kingdom and France, benefited the most during the 19th century because they exploited their colonies for resources. The colonies of imperial nations benefited the least because they were exploited.
The US grew greatly in global influence in the 19th century and became a superpower in the 20th century. The US is still a superpower in the 21st century.
painting. architecture. literature. all of the above
England and the Netherlands
children
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During the 17th century.
During the 20th century.
Vastly improved infrastructure. An example would be the Indian railway system. To this day it is one of the busiest in the world, vital to Indian commerce and one of the largest employers in the world (along with the UK NHS and the Chinese Army).
Joseph Lister is credited with pioneering the use of disinfectants in medical settings in the late 19th century. By introducing antiseptic techniques, he greatly reduced the risk of infections during surgeries.