Tissues may not be affected by hormones if they do not have receptors for those specific hormones. Hormones can only exert their effects on tissues that have the appropriate receptors to bind and respond to them. This specificity helps to ensure that each hormone can target the specific tissues and organs it needs to regulate.
The thyroid gland is located on the front part of the neck below the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple). The gland produces thyroid hormones, which regulate body metabolism. Thyroid hormones are important in regulating body energy, the body's use of other hormones and vitamins, and the growth and maturation of body tissues. Diseases of the thyroid gland can result in either production of too much thyroid hormone, thyroid nodules, and/or goiter. All types of thyroid problems in women are much more common than thyroid problems in men.
Endocrine glands, such as the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and pituitary gland, are major tissues that synthesize hormones in the body. These glands are specialized to produce and release hormones into the bloodstream to regulate various physiological functions.
Tropic hormones are hormones that regulate the secretion of other hormones from endocrine glands. They act on target glands to stimulate or inhibit the release of specific hormones, which then exert effects on various tissues and organs in the body. Examples include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Hormones travel from endocrine glands through the bloodstream to reach target organs or tissues where they exert their specific effects. Some of the major endocrine glands that release hormones into the bloodstream include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, and ovaries/testes.
The target tissues of the thyroid gland include organs and tissues throughout the body that require thyroid hormones for regulation of metabolism. The target tissues of the parathyroid glands are mainly the bones, kidneys, and intestines where parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates calcium and phosphorus levels.
The thyroid gland is responsible for myxedema, which is a severe form of hypothyroidism characterized by swelling of the skin and other tissues. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism and energy levels in the body.
Hormones are synthesized in various locations in the body, including the adrenal glands, pancreas, thyroid gland, and reproductive organs such as the testes and ovaries. Each hormone is typically synthesized in specific glands or tissues before being released into the bloodstream to exert its effects on target cells or organs.
Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, where they are carried to target organs and tissues throughout the body. This allows the hormones to have widespread effects on various physiological processes.
Radioactive iodine is taken up by the thyroid gland because it is the only tissue in the body that can absorb and store iodine to make thyroid hormones. Other tissues do not have this ability, so they are not affected by radioactive iodine treatment.
Steroid hormones, derived from cholesterol, have potent regulatory effects on various tissues in the body. They can influence processes such as metabolism, inflammation, and reproduction through binding to specific hormone receptors. Examples include hormones such as cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone.
The target for thyroxine is to regulate the body's metabolism by controlling the production of thyroid hormones. Thyroxine is produced by the thyroid gland and helps to maintain normal function of organs and tissues in the body. The target level of thyroxine in the blood is typically determined through thyroid function tests.