There are a number of risk factors for esophageal cancer.[2] Some subtypes of cancer are linked to particular risk factors: * Age. Most patients are over 60, and the median in US patients is 67.[2] * Sex. It is more common in men. * Heredity. It is more likely in people who have close relatives with cancer. * Tobacco smoking and heavy alcohol use increase the risk, and together appear to increase the risk more than these two individually. * Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its resultant Barrett's esophagus increase esophageal cancer risk due to the chronic irritation of the mucosal lining (adenocarcinoma is more common in this condition, while all other risk factors predispose more for squamous cell carcinoma).[3] * Human papillomavirus (HPV)[4] * Swallowing lye or other caustic substances. * Particular dietary substances, such as nitrosamine. * A medical history of other head and neck cancers increases the chance of developing a second cancer in the head and neck area, including esophageal cancer. * Plummer-Vinson syndrome (anemia and esophageal webbing) * Tylosis and Howel-Evans syndrome (hereditary thickening of the skin of the palms and soles). * Radiation therapy for other conditions in the mediastinum.[2] * Celiac disease predisposes towards squamous cell carcinoma.[5] * Obesity increases the risk of adenocarcinoma fourfold.[6] It is suspected that increased risk of reflux may be behind this association.[3][7] * Risk appears to be less in patients using aspirin or related drugs (NSAIDs).[8] * The role of Helicobacter pylori in progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma is still uncertain, but, on the basis of population data, it may carry a protective effect.[9][10] It is postulated that H. pylori prevents chronic gastritis, which is a risk factor for reflux, which in turn is a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma.[11] * According to the National Cancer Institute, "diets high in cruciferous (cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower) and green and yellow vegetables and fruits are associated with a decreased risk of esophageal cancer."[12] * Moderate coffee consumption is associated with a decreased risk.[13] * According to one Italian study of "diet surveys completed by 5,500 Italians" - a study which has raised debates questioning its claims among cancer researchers cited in news reports about it - eating Pizza more than once a week appears "to be a favorable indicator of risk for digestive tract neoplasms in this population."[14]
One of the throat infection symptoms is runny nose along with throat pain. However, it is not always necessary that you will get a throat infection if you have a runny nose but you are more susceptible to it as your immunity is low.
=== === * sore throat * tonsillitis * strep throat
No. 'Strep throat' means a streptococcal infection of the throat.
Viral throat infection is airborne.
tonsillitis
Pharyngitis
Your tonsil is a growth of tissue at the back of the throat which helps fight infection.
Strep throat spread by droplet infection. This is airborne infection, mainly.
Probably streph throat infection...could also be a staph infection. Maybe even Mononeucleosis
throat infection.
Yes, but the chance is not big.
Strep throat is an infection. People get it from germs.