Since the United States Census does not ask what type of Jew a person is in conducting its surveys, it is difficult to get a proper read on numbers. If you were to count synagogues alone, it would appear that the Orthodox are the most common sect, but since they must all walk to the synagogues on Shabbat, their congregations are typically smaller than Conservative or Reform congregations.
To hazard a guess, it would be that Reform Jews are currently the most numerous denomination; but Hasidic birth rates show that this will shift to the Orthodox relatively soon. Conservative Judaism was the most popular form of Judaism in the early part of the century, but has lost that position.
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