They walked there.
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According to Aztec legend, they were guided to their homeland of Tenochtitlan by the god Huitzilopochtli, who told them to look for an eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak. This symbol was found on an island in Lake Texcoco, where they built their capital city.
The Aztecs began their migration from Aztlan in the early 13th century, around 1168 AD according to Aztec mythology. They traveled from northern Mexico to Central Mexico in search of their prophesied homeland where they would see an eagle perched on a cactus with a snake in its beak.
An antonym for homeland is "foreign land" or "another country."
The Gulf of Mexico is on the eastern side of the Aztec Empire.
The Gulf of Mexico bordered Aztec land to the east and the Pacific Ocean bordered Aztec land to the west.
Spanish explorers such as Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro claimed the most territory in the Americas for Spain. Cortes conquered the Aztec Empire in present-day Mexico, while Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire in present-day Peru.