Newton's Second Law says force = mass * acceleration. If you push on two objects with the same force, the object with the smaller mass will have a greater acceleration.
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Acceleration is a net force that is inversely dependent on mass, therefore if an object's mass decreases, acceleration increases.
What you are wanting to know is found in Newton's Second Law. The equation used is Acceleration = (Net force)/(Mass) or Force equals mass times acceleration; [F = m * a] So, if the mass is increased but the force remains constant, then the acceleration will decrease. (For the same force applied, larger masses experience less acceleration than smaller masses.)
The inertia of a body can be defined as the relunctance of a body to acceleration. The mass of a body can be defined as a measure of the inertia of a body. This is because acceleration = resultant force / mass. So, if mass is greater, the less will be the acceleration of the body and hence the greater the inertia.
an object's mass
(Force on an object) = (the object's mass) times (its acceleration)