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This is the coarse adjustment knob. This should be used before the fine adjustment knob (the smaller knob) - which is for fine focusing.
This control allows for precise focusing of the specimen...
The coarse focus adjustment moves the lens (or the stage, depending on the construction of the microscope). So does the fine adjustment but the fine does it much less and much more accurately (less play in the gears)
use the fine adjustment knob to get a better view of what you are looking at.For low power you can use the coarse adjustment and fine adjustmentfor high power you should only use the fine adjustment because on high power, the objective lens is too close to the slide and using the coarse adjustment may scratch the objective lens.
The course adjustment moves the stage of the microscope further/closer away from the objective lens (it is used for general focusing), and the fine adjustment moves the objective lens very small distances for finer focusing.