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This is very important because it allows us to judge wether or not a person's results are valid or not. If we know how good research should be done, it's easier to spot poor research. It could also provide a guide if you wanted to research something yourself.
All knowledge about the universe in which we live is connected. New understandings in one area can cast light on previously mysterious phenomena in other areas. No one can predict the kind or extent of the applications that any new knowledge will turn out to have. In some cases, those applications may not arise until centuries after the knowledge is obtained (this has often been true of mathematical advances in particular). The pursuit of knowledge for the sake of knowledge has turned out to be far more useful than anyone expected. Even aside from the usefulness of technology, there is also the usefulness of understanding the universe and therefore having some idea of how things work and what kind of policies the human race might want to use to create a better future.
1. Understand the Problem 2. Collect Information 3. Form a Hypothesis 4. Test Hypothesis 5. Keep Accurate Record 6. Check Results 7. Repeat Experiment 8. Confirm Conclusion 9. Communicate Results 10. List New Problems that Arise (Unicorns Can't Fly To Kenya 'Cause Reese's Candy Can't Listen)
The adaptive traits that arise through convergent evolution are called analogous. These are the same adaptive solutions that arise in different organisms facing very similar environmental challenges and having analogous mutations to come to similar traits through natural selection. Wings in birds, bats and insects are examples of this.
Often none - the wrong enantiomer would just be voided or metabolised. But if a manufacturing route can be found to produce only one, it would tend to be a lot cheaper. Problems would arise if the wrong enantiomer is biologically active and interferes with the reaction/action of the correct one - such as binding to the same particular site.