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The process of proteins synthesis starts with DNA which contains the information that is going to be used to create the proteins. A molecule called RNA polymerase uses one of the two DNA strands as a template to create an mRNA molecule which contains the base pairs that complement the DNA strand. If the cell is a eukaryotic cell then the mRNA molecule needs to leave the nucleus and then attach to a ribosome. If the cell is prokaryotic then the ribosome binds without the mRNA molecule having to be moved locations (in fact the mRNA doesnt even have to be complete for a ribosome to begin its process). So the ribosome attaches to the mRNA and as each codon (group of three base pairs) moves into each of the three spots in the ribosome, it gets read, then a tRNA molecule brings and matches a protein subunit which gets attached to the chain of protein subunits that are being created and then the codon exits the ribosome. The ribosome knows to attach because of a "start codon" that is usually AUG and knows to stop adding to the protein chain when it reaches a "stop codon".
DNA replication is the process by which a strand of DNA is copied prior to cellular division so as to provide genetic material for each of the resulting cells. The main process involves unwinding the normal double helix structure of DNA and going down each half of the split helix and bonding a matching nucleotide to each half one at a time until you have 2 new full strands of DNA.
Protein Synthesis on the other hand unzips the DNA and creates a small piece of RNA encoding the opposite nucleotides of that on the DNA strand being synthesized. This RNA is then sent to a ribosome in the cell which adds a specific amino acid for each RNA sequence until a full protein or polypeptide has been formed.
Both of these processes are essential to all living organisms. Replication allows organisms to reproduce and produce new copies of themselves while synthesis is vital for actually expressing the genetic code stored in the DNA. You cannot have one without the other, as proteins need to be synthesized to perform the replication process, while without replication, there is no organism to even synthesize a protein!
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What is the relationship between dna in the nucleus and the synthesis of proteins in the cytoplasm?
Proteins are synthesized by ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm.
Is the enzyme that allows replication to occur DNA polymerase or RNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase replicated DNA. RNA polymerase creates mRNA to be used in protein synthesis. RNA polymerase does not replicated DNA.
Which best describes the relationship between genes and proteins?
Basically, one gene gives the instructions for making one protein. I'm not sure how much detail you want, here, but a gene is a segment of DNA and the sequence of bases in the DNA determine the sequence of amino acids that make up the protein.
The direction of synthesis of an RNA transcript is?
transcription:"the first step in protein synthesis, a sequence of nucleotide bases becomes exposed in an unwound region of a DNA strand. That sequence acts as a template upon which a single strand of RNA - a transcript - is synthesized from free nucleotides."The synthesis of an RNA molecule from the DNA template strand is called transcription.
What are 3 functions of DNA?
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is an important component in all organisms. Three of its functions are: to carry the genetic and hereditary material, to replicate itself to produce new cells, and for protein synthesis.
What is the relationship between protein cell and DNA?
DNA is self-replicating, plays a central role in protein synthesis, and is responsible for the transmission of hereditary characteristics (genes) from parents to offspring.
What is the relationship between protein DNA cell?
DNA is self-replicating, plays a central role in protein synthesis, and is responsible for the transmission of hereditary characteristics (genes) from parents to offspring.
What is DNA to RNA to protein?
Protein synthesis
What is one of the role of ribonucleic acid RNA in organisms?
RNA acts as a messenger that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
What bridge between DNA and protein synthesis is needed?
Transcription is the bridge between DNA and protein synthesis. During transcription, a DNA sequence is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by the enzyme RNA polymerase. This mRNA molecule serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation.
Know that one purpose of dna is protein synthesis making protiens?
Yes, one practical purpose of DNA is protein synthesis
What part of the DNA is copied in protein synthesis?
In protein synthesis, the DNA is copied into mRNA (messenger RNA) during the process of transcription. The mRNA then carries the genetic instructions from the DNA to the ribosomes, where protein synthesis occurs.
What is one role of ribonucleic acid in organism?
It is the messenger between DNA and the protein-synthesis ribosomes
In gene expression and protein synthesis information flows from?
DNA --> RNA --> Proteins -----------------------------------------That simple.
What is the job of the dna?
DNA directly controls protein replication and synthesis.
What describe the flow of information in protein synthesis?
DNA to RNA to protein
Describe the role of protein synthesis DNA nucleotides ribosomes rough ER?
RNA is the main protein synthesis DNA nucleotides ribosomes. This is part of the body.
