The strength of the force in each direction between the earth and any mass is called
the "weight" of the mass.
The force is equal in both directions, which means that the weight of the mass on earth
is the same as the earth's weight on the mass.
The force acts along the line between the center of the earth and the center of the mass.
The direction toward the center of the earth is customarily referred to as the 'down' direction,
and toward the center of the mass as the 'up' direction.
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That's the quantity typically referred to by those in the know as the object's 'weight'.
Neither. It would need a downward pointing arrow for the force of the acceleration due to gravity and a second arrow for the air resistance pointing up.
Gravity and air resistance (drag) are the two opposing forces acting on the falling body. Gravity causes the object to accelerate (fall faster) while the air resistance causes the object to decelerate (fall slower). At a certain velocity called the terminal velocity these two forces are in balance and there is no change in falling speed.
The acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 meters per second. Since Force = Mass x Acceleration, the force of gravity would be the mass times 9.81.
precipitation is the water that soaks downward due to the ground trickles
This is due to Newtons first law. Because their is no gravity the object will move in a straight line unless a outside force is applied to it. Such as the gravity of a near by planet/object.