transcription:
"the first step in protein synthesis, a sequence of nucleotide bases becomes exposed in an unwound region of a DNA strand. That sequence acts as a template upon which a single strand of RNA - a transcript - is synthesized from free nucleotides."
The synthesis of an RNA molecule from the DNA template strand is called transcription.
DNA polymerase replicated DNA. RNA polymerase creates mRNA to be used in protein synthesis. RNA polymerase does not replicated DNA.
The tRNA helps to form amino acid in the cytoplasm during protein synthesis as a specific enzymes for activation and for attaching itself to corresponding tRNA. The tRNA has an anticodon complementry to the appropriate codon of the RNA.
An anticodon is a three nucleotide sequence found as part of Transfer RNA. The anticodon is the portion of the tRNA that binds to the relevant portion of the messenger RNA (mRNA). Overall, the anticodon assists in matching amino acid sequences to mRNA codon sequences during protein synthesis.
Initiation:In the cytoplasm, protein synthesis is actually initiated by the AUG codon on mRNA. The AUG codon signals both the interaction of the ribosome with m-RNA and also the tRNA with the anticodons (UAC). The tRNA which initiates the protein synthesis has N-formyl-methionine attached. The formyl group is really formic acid converted to an amide using the -NH2 group on methionine (left most graphic)The next step is for a second tRNA to approach the mRNA (codon - CCG). This is the code for proline. The anticodon of the proline tRNA which reads this is GGC. The final process is to start growing peptide chain by having amine of proline to bond to the carboxyl acid group of methinone (met) in order to elongate the peptide.
Codon is found on the messenger RNA(m RNA).During translation, the codons on the m RNA are read by the ribosome and amino acid corresponding to the codon is added. when ribosome encounters a stop codon (UAG,UGA and UAA) translation terminates.
All RNA is single-stranded. Messenger RNA (mRNA), however, is a transcript of DNA.
RNA polymerase catalyze the synthesis of RNA by copying the DNA. It occurs in the 5' to 3' direction(moves down).
mRNA (messenger RNA) is the RNA molecule that carries a copy of the DNA message from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Once in the cytoplasm, mRNA is used as a template for protein synthesis during translation.
RNA molecules are synthesized in a direction where nucleotides are added from the 5' end to the 3' end.
During transcription, an RNA molecule is built using a DNA template. This RNA molecule is an intermediate step in the process of protein synthesis.
RNA polymerase reads the DNA template and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand by linking together RNA nucleotides according to the base pairing rules. RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand in the 3' to 5' direction, synthesizing the RNA transcript in the 5' to 3' direction.
The cell gets the information for protein synthesis from DNA in the nucleus. The DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm where the actual protein synthesis takes place.
Post-transcriptional modification involves altering the primary transcript of RNA to produce a mature and functional mRNA molecule. This process includes steps such as splicing, 5' capping, and polyadenylation to create a stable mRNA transcript that can be efficiently translated into protein by the ribosome. These modifications can regulate gene expression and enhance mRNA stability and translation efficiency.
Transcription is the biological term for RNA synthesis.
Yes, transcription requires RNA polymerase for the synthesis of RNA molecules.
RNA synthesis occurs in a 5' to 3' direction, meaning that nucleotides are added to the growing RNA strand starting from the 5' end and moving towards the 3' end. This directionality is important for the proper assembly of RNA molecules and is essential for the functioning of the genetic code.
RNA synthesis occurs in a specific direction known as 5' to 3'. This means that RNA is synthesized starting from the 5' end and extending towards the 3' end. This directionality is important for the proper assembly of RNA molecules and is related to the concept that RNA is built in a specific order, similar to reading a book from the beginning to the end.