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price and quantity variance

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Q: Standard costs are used to measure?
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What is the difference between standard cost and estimated cost?

Estimates are the expressions of of opinion based upon past experiences whereas the standard costs are based upon standard rate that are very carefully developed and set as scientifically as possible. However, both estimated costs and standard costs are related to future period of time but there are some significant differences between them. Some major differences between standard costs and estimated costs are listed below:1. Estimated costs are the expressions of opinion based upon experience. Standard costs are based upon standard rates that are carefully developed and set as scientifically as possible.2. Estimated costs are used by those firms that follow historical costing system. Standard costs are used by those organizations that follow standard costing.3. Estimated costs are based on actual costs and anticipated costs. Standard costs are fixed after scientific analysis of relevant cost elements.4. Estimated costs are based on approximation. Standard costs are based upon specifications.5. Estimated costs are normally used as guideline for price determination, quoting the selling price etc. Main purpose of standard costs is to serve as a tool for cost control.


What is standard deviation used for?

Standard deviation is a measure of the spread of data.


Importance of standard costing?

A valuable management tool, standard costing is part of cost accounting. Rather than using actual costs for direct material, labor and manufacturing overhead, standard costs are used to easily track variances and estimate profit.Though actual costs are still paid, standard costing is often used for inventories and cost of goods sold. The difference between standard and actual costs are known as variances. These variances are what make standard costing such a valuable practice for management. Management can quickly become aware of changes in budgeted costs by tracking the variances.When standard costing is used, you will often hear the terms unfavorable or favorable variance. This refers to changes in actual costs in relation to planned or standard costs. A favorable variance takes place when actual costs dip below standard costs. Conversely, if actual costs rise above standards, the variance is unfavorable.In regards to manufacturing companies, standard costs would first be seen as individual parts or pieces of the finished product. This means that the final standard cost will be the sum of the standard costs of each of the individual pieces of the product.


Which measure of varartion is preferred when the mean is used as the measure of center?

standard deviation


Standard unit used to measure distance?

Metre


How can automobiles be used to measure a country's standard of living?

No we cannot measure the living standard of any country through the use of automobiles.


What is standard cost method?

Under standard cost method, standard costs for material labor and overheads are determined first and all these costs are charged to production on that standard costs and quantity basis and after that variance analysis is done to find out the reasons for differences in actual costs with standard costs as basis for analysis.


Standard imperial unit used to measure large areas?

mmgfrr


What is the standard unit used to measure length or distance in SI?

Metre.


What what instrument is used to measure?

Another metrologically certified standard instrument.


Which tool is used in standard improvement model of dmaic measure phrase?

A Pareto chart is the tool used in the DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, and control) measure phase.


A is the unit used to measure angles?

degrees, minutes and seconds. (and radians are also a standard unit of angular measure).